Assessment of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in 8-to-15-Year-Old Children with Overweight/Obesity by Three-Minute Step Test: Association with Degree of Obesity, Blood Pressure, and Insulin Resistance

Gupta, Priyanka; Kumar, Brijesh; Banothu, Kiran Kumar; Jain, Vandana

doi:10.1007/s12098-022-04311-z

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…Визначення рівня ТФН у 155 дітей з надмірною масою тіла/ожирінням (середній ІМТ -26,2±4,1 кг/м 2 ) продемонструвало, що лише у 28% дітей рівень толерантності був добрим, у 58% -задовільним, у 14% -низьким [20].…”

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Modern Aspects of Exercise Tolerance Assessment in Children with Post-COVID Syndrome, Pneumonia, and Obesity

Marushko,

Kramarov,

Vygovska

et al. 2023

FMEP

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An important and understudied problem is the state of health of children and adolescents who have experienced acute respiratory diseases or suffer from chronic diseases. Suffering from COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome, pneumonia are complex pathological conditions that significantly affect the functional capabilities of the child’s body and quality of life. Obesity, which is also an important medical and social problem, has no less impact on health. The purpose of the work is to summarize the data from the literature about the value of exercise tests in children with postcovid syndrome, after pneumonia of various etiologies, and obesity; modern aspects for assessing exercise tolerance. It is worth noting that nowadays screening programs for examining the health of children, aimed at prevention and early detection of pathological changes, play an important role. One of these methods of diagnosis, which makes it possible to determine and comprehensively analyze the body’s functional capabilities, is the assessment of exercise tolerance. The diagnostic value of analyzing the tolerance level lies in assessing the impact of various pathological conditions on the child’s health, and quality of life. The obtained results can be used to develop rehabilitation measures to eliminate the symptoms of acute diseases and improve the quality ofi fle. Tests with dosed physical exertion are used to assess exercise tolerance. The «gold standard» of the technique is cardiopulmonary exercise testing. However, world tolerance assessment guidelines include the use of other types of tests, such as office and field tests. The «gold standard» for assessing tolerance is the determination of the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), which characterizes the maximum amount of oxygen that is absorbed and used by the body during intense physical exertion involving a large possible part of the muscles. Also, during exercise tests, heart rate, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram recording are monitored, which creates significant diagnostic search opportunities for the pediatrician.

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Modern Aspects of Exercise Tolerance Assessment in Children with Post-COVID Syndrome, Pneumonia, and Obesity

Marushko,

Kramarov,

Vygovska

et al. 2023

FMEP

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Congenital Heart Disease: Where Are We and the Way Ahead!

Rohit

2022

Indian J Pediatr

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difference in mortality in these children. Malnutrition has been found to be associated with higher mortality after surgery in CHD even in developed nations [5]. It has been seen that most children with CHD have normal weight at birth in developed countries but start falling off their trajectory in initial few months due to disproportionate needs. Marino et al. have shown that an appropriate nutrition plan helps to reduce the prevalence of malnutrition in children waiting for surgery [6].Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary for a good outcome. A strong programme for early detection of CHD and appropriate referral is required at the community level. Further, pediatric cardiology and cardiac surgery centers should be established and strengthened at state level. Focus on treatable CHD and financial support would help in improving outcomes in CHD.

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Cardiovascular fitness is associated with child adiposity at 5 years of age: findings from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study

et al. 2023

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Background Cardiovascular fitness is strongly linked with metabolic risk; however, research is limited in preschool children. Although there is currently no simple validated measure of fitness in preschool children, heart rate recovery has been highlighted as an easily accessible and non-invasive predictor of cardiovascular risk in school-aged children and adolescents. We aimed to investigate whether heart rate recovery was associated with adiposity and blood pressure in 5-year-olds. Study design This is a secondary analysis of 272 5-year-olds from the ROLO (Randomised cOntrol trial of LOw glycaemic index diet in pregnancy to prevent recurrence of macrosomia) Kids study. Three-minute step tests were completed by 272 participants to determine heart rate recovery duration. Body mass index (BMI), circumferences, skinfold thickness, heart rate, and blood pressure were collected. Independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U, and Chi-square tests were used to compare participants. Linear regression models examined associations between heart rate recovery and child adiposity. Confounders included child sex, age at study visit, breastfeeding, and perceived effort in the step test. Results The median (IQR) age at the study visit was 5.13 (0.16) years. 16.2% (n = 44) had overweight and 4.4% (n = 12) had obesity based on their BMI centile. Boys had a quicker mean (SD) heart rate recovery after the step test than girls (112.5 (47.7) seconds vs. 128.8 (62.5) seconds, p = 0.02). Participants with a slower recovery time (> 105 s) had higher median (IQR) sum of skinfolds (35.5 (11.8) mm vs. 34.0 (10.0) mm, p = 0.02) and median (IQR) sum of subscapular and triceps skinfold (15.6 (4.4) mm vs. 14.4 (4.0) mm, p = 0.02) compared to participants with a quicker recovery time. After adjusting for confounders (child sex, age at study visit, breastfeeding, effort in the step test), linear regression analyses revealed heart rate recovery time after stepping was positively associated with sum of skinfolds (B = 0.034, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.06, p = 0.007). Conclusion Child adiposity was positively associated with heart rate recovery time after the step test. A simple stepping test could be used as a non-invasive and inexpensive fitness tool in 5-year-olds. Additional research is needed to validate the ROLO Kids step test in preschool children.

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Assessment of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in 8-to-15-Year-Old Children with Overweight/Obesity by Three-Minute Step Test: Association with Degree of Obesity, Blood Pressure, and Insulin Resistance

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Modern Aspects of Exercise Tolerance Assessment in Children with Post-COVID Syndrome, Pneumonia, and Obesity

Modern Aspects of Exercise Tolerance Assessment in Children with Post-COVID Syndrome, Pneumonia, and Obesity

Congenital Heart Disease: Where Are We and the Way Ahead!

Cardiovascular fitness is associated with child adiposity at 5 years of age: findings from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study

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