Assessment of carbon allocation and biomass production in a natural stand of the salt marsh plant Spartina anglica using 13C

Hemminga, M.A.; Huiskes, A.H.L.; Steegstra, M.; Soelen, J. van

doi:10.3354/meps130169

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…First, the species studied are different: S. anglica at the Waarde Marsh and S. alterniflora at the Great Marshes. Although belowground productivity data for S. anglica are scarce, a comparison of ratios between below-and aboveground productivity suggests that S. alterniflora invests more carbon in its rooting system than S. anglica (Hemminga et al 1996). Secondly, a substantial part of the aboveground biomass may enter the sediment at the Great Marshes, resulting in a coupling between plant and carbon mineralization that is not only linked through the belowground biomass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In salt marshes, the aboveground production may not enter the sediment, but it is partially degraded while still standing (New- ell et al 1985) or eroded from the marsh sediment (Dame 1994). However, more than half of the annual production is allocated belowground in the root system of Spartina species (Schubauer and Hopkinson 1984;Hemminga et al 1996), and it seems unlikely that much of this root material is lost by erosion. Root-derived organic matter that actually enters the sediment therefore must be either mineralized by microorganisms or buried as sediment organic matter (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lower value calculated with data on Spartina roots in Table 1; higher value calculated by assuming that only lignin was buried (Spartina lignin ␦ 13 C ϭ Ϫ17.4‰ [Benner et al 1987]). Based on aboveground biomass production (Middelburg et al 1997) and assuming that belowground production is at least similar to aboveground production (Hemminga et al 1996). correct measured PLFA isotope ratios to obtain the ratio of the carbon source used by the bacteria in sediments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The contribution of macrophyte‐derived organic matter to microbial biomass in salt‐marsh sediments: Stable carbon isotope analysis of microbial biomarkers

Boschker

Brouwer

Cappenberg

1999

Limnology & Oceanography

255

257

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Stable carbon isotope ratios of bacterial biomarkers were determined to infer sources of organic carbon used by bacteria in the sediments of three salt marshes. Biomarkers studied were polar lipid-derived fatty acids (PLFA), mainly bacteria-specific, methyl-branched i15 : 0 and a15 : 0. Experiments showed that isotopic fractionation between substrate and biomarkers was relatively constant (Ϫ4 to Ϫ6‰, on average) compared to the wide range in 13 C/ 12 C ratios of carbon sources found in the studied marshes. At the Spartina site of the Waarde Marsh (The Netherlands), biomarker 13 C/ 12 C ratios were depleted by approximately 6‰ more than expected for bacteria growing on Spartina litter and were similar to an unvegetated control sediment. This pattern suggested that local macrophyte production was of little importance and that other material (probably of algal origin) was the dominant carbon source for bacterial growth. Spartina contributed about half of the carbon in bacterial PLFA at the Kattendijke Marsh (The Netherlands) and dominated at the Great Marshes (U.S.). The variation in bacterial carbon sources in these marshes was probably related to estimated inputs of nonmacrophyte organic matter to the sediment. At the Waarde Marsh, a clear plant species effect was found as coupling between plant and bacteria was more important in Scirpus maritimus than in Spartina anglica. The contribution of local plant production to bacterial biomass in salt-marsh sediments is highly variable between marshes and depends on the input of nonmacrophyte material by sedimentation in comparison to local plant input, which in turn may differ among plant species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The contribution of macrophyte‐derived organic matter to microbial biomass in salt‐marsh sediments: Stable carbon isotope analysis of microbial biomarkers

Boschker

Brouwer

Cappenberg

1999

Limnology & Oceanography

255

257

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“…Hemminga et al (1996) attributed a spring-to-summer root biomass peak to storage of underground carbohydrate reserves for use in fall/winter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comas and Eissenstat (2009) and Carex species) in the Netherlands (Meuleman et al 2002), greatest root mass density in June-July followed by a marked decrease in late summer (Spartina altemiflora) within a Maine salt marsh (Valiela et al, 1976), an increase from May to August followed by a decrease in September (Spartina anglica) within a Netherlands salt marsh (Hemminga et al 1996), an August peak in switchgrass RMD (Panicum virgatum, Tufekcioglu et al 1999), and a summer increase for Sparganium and Phragmites in Iowa Marshes (Van Der Valk and Davis 1978). Hemminga et al (1996) attributed a spring-to-summer root biomass peak to storage of underground carbohydrate reserves for use in fall/winter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root-enhanced Infiltration in Stormwater Bioretention Facilities in Portland, Oregon

Hart¹

2000

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I evaluated the effectiveness of plant roots to increase infiltration rates within stormwater bioretention facilities (SBFs), roadside planter compartments that filter stormwater. SBFs attenuate harmful effects of stormwater by reducing peak flow and retaining pollutants, with increased infiltration that improves both these functions.Researchers have shown that roots can increase infiltration within greenhouse, lab, field, and test SBF settings. However, no researchers have yet measured either the extent to which different root characteristics can increase infiltration or the variation in root characteristics and their effect on infiltration rates among plant assemblages within currently functioning SBFs.To determine if root-enhanced infiltration was occurring within SBFs, I This work strongly suggests plant roots increase infiltration, and thus the primary functions of SBFs. Different root characteristics appear to increase infiltration rate at different depths. Data also show larger-root biomass plants increase infiltration rate to a greater degree than smaller-root biomass plants.I recommend considering several site and facility characteristics when determining the potential for root-enhanced infiltration. When selecting plant species to enhance infiltration, I recommend using several criteria, determining root characteristic iii values at certain depths, considering installation approaches, and accounting for regional climate changes.iv Acknowledgements

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Organic Carbon Isotope Systematics of Coastal Marshes

Middelburg

Nieuwenhuize

Lubberts

et al. 1997

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

166

127

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Assessment of carbon allocation and biomass production in a natural stand of the salt marsh plant Spartina anglica using 13C

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

The contribution of macrophyte‐derived organic matter to microbial biomass in salt‐marsh sediments: Stable carbon isotope analysis of microbial biomarkers

The contribution of macrophyte‐derived organic matter to microbial biomass in salt‐marsh sediments: Stable carbon isotope analysis of microbial biomarkers

Root-enhanced Infiltration in Stormwater Bioretention Facilities in Portland, Oregon

Organic Carbon Isotope Systematics of Coastal Marshes

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