Assessment of Capacity to Capture DNA Aerosols by Clean Filters for Molecular Biology Experiments

Morono, Yuki; Hoshino, Takao; Terada, T.; Suzuki, Taketo; Satô, Takahiro; Yuasa, Hisashi; Kubota, Yuji; Inagaki, Fumio

doi:10.1264/jsme2.me18012

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Microbial cells on non-coated polycarbonate membrane were lysed using a protocol modified after Morono et al 51 at ISO Class 1 clean air environment in super-clean room of JAMSTEC-KOCHI 52 . Sorted cells on the membrane were lysed by three-step alkaline treatments to minimize fragmentation of extracted DNA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic microbial life persists in oxic marine sediment as old as 101.5 million years

et al. 2020

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Sparse microbial populations persist from seafloor to basement in the slowly accumulating oxic sediment of the oligotrophic South Pacific Gyre (SPG). The physiological status of these communities, including their substrate metabolism, is previously unconstrained. Here we show that diverse aerobic members of communities in SPG sediments (4.3‒101.5 Ma) are capable of readily incorporating carbon and nitrogen substrates and dividing. Most of the 6986 individual cells analyzed with nanometer-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) actively incorporated isotope-labeled substrates. Many cells responded rapidly to incubation conditions, increasing total numbers by 4 orders of magnitude and taking up labeled carbon and nitrogen within 68 days after incubation. The response was generally faster (on average, 3.09 times) for nitrogen incorporation than for carbon incorporation. In contrast, anaerobic microbes were only minimally revived from this oxic sediment. Our results suggest that microbial communities widely distributed in organic-poor abyssal sediment consist mainly of aerobes that retain their metabolic potential under extremely low-energy conditions for up to 101.5 Ma.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic microbial life persists in oxic marine sediment as old as 101.5 million years

et al. 2020

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“…To determine cell abundances, 2 cm 3 of mud were subsampled from central portions of cores using sterile cut-off syringes in an ultra clean air environment (KOACH T-500f, Koken, Ltd., Morono et al, 2018). Samples were immediately fixed with 2% paraformaldehyde in 3-(cyclohexylamino)-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPS) buffer solution adjusted to pH 11.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of Short-Chain Organic Acids in Serpentinite Mud Volcanoes of the Mariana Convergent Margin

et al. 2019

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Serpentinitic systems are potential habitats for microbial life due to frequently high concentrations of microbial energy substrates, such as hydrogen (H 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and short-chain organic acids (SCOAs). Yet, many serpentinitic systems are also physiologically challenging environments due to highly alkaline conditions (pH > 10) and elevated temperatures (>80°C). To elucidate the possibility of microbial life in deep serpentinitic crustal environments, International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 366 drilled into the Yinazao, Fantangisña, and Asùt Tesoru serpentinite mud volcanoes on the Mariana Forearc. These mud volcanoes differ in temperature (80, 150, 250°C, respectively) of the underlying subducting slab, and in the porewater pH (11.0, 11.2, 12.5, respectively) of the serpentinite mud. Increases in formate and acetate concentrations across the three mud volcanoes, which are positively correlated with temperature in the subducting slab and coincide with strong increases in H 2 concentrations, indicate a serpentinization-related origin. Thermodynamic calculations suggest that formate is produced by equilibrium reactions with dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) + H 2 , and that equilibration continues during fluid ascent at temperatures below 80°C. By contrast, the mechanism(s) of acetate production are not clear. Besides formate, acetate, and H 2 data, we present concentrations of other SCOAs, methane, carbon monoxide, and sulfate, δ 13 C-data on bulk carbon pools, and microbial cell counts. Even though calculations indicate a wide range of microbial catabolic reactions to be thermodynamically favorable, concentration profiles of potential energy substrates, and very low cell numbers suggest that microbial life is scarce or absent. We discuss the potential roles of temperature, pH, pressure, and dispersal in limiting the occurrence of microbial life in deep serpentinitic environments.

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“…AHUs can be equipped with particle filters, e.g., minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) or HEPA, with filtration efficiency dependent on particle size. HEPA filtration efficiency, f , is measured to be 99.994% at 50 nm, 99.98% at 0.1-0.2 mm, and >99.996% for particles >0.5 mm (Chuaybamroong et al 2010;Zhang et al 2014;Day et al 2018;Morono et al 2018). Because virus-laden particles are often expelled from the body in combination with proteins, salts, and water as droplets and aerosols (Dietz et al 2020), it is not yet clear whether aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is caused by suspended individual viral particles, of size $50À150 nm (Cascella et al 2020;Kim et al 2020), or larger respirable aerosols of size $1À5 mm (Singh and Kaur 2020; Wang and Du 2020).…”

Section: Physical Spaces: Laboratories and Officesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and mitigation of aerosol airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission in laboratory and office environments

Augenbraun

Lasner

Mitra

et al. 2020

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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Bioaerosols are known to be an important transmission pathway for SARS-CoV-2. We report a framework for estimating the risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 via aerosols in laboratory and office settings, based on an exponential dose-response model and analysis of air flow and purification in typical heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. High-circulation HVAC systems with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration dramatically reduce exposure to the virus in indoor settings, and surgical masks or N95 respirators further reduce exposure. As an example of our risk assessment model, we consider the precautions needed for a typical experimental physical science group to maintain a low risk of transmission over six months of operation. We recommend that, for environments where fewer than five individuals significantly overlap, work spaces should remain vacant for between one (high-circulation HVAC with HEPA filtration) to six (low-circulation HVAC with no filtration) air exchange times before a new worker enters in order to maintain no more than 1% chance of infection over six months of operation in the workplace. Our model is readily applied to similar settings that are not explicitly given here. We also provide a framework for evaluating infection mitigation through ventilation in multiple occupancy spaces.

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Assessment of Capacity to Capture DNA Aerosols by Clean Filters for Molecular Biology Experiments

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Aerobic microbial life persists in oxic marine sediment as old as 101.5 million years

Aerobic microbial life persists in oxic marine sediment as old as 101.5 million years

Origin of Short-Chain Organic Acids in Serpentinite Mud Volcanoes of the Mariana Convergent Margin

Assessment and mitigation of aerosol airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission in laboratory and office environments

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