Assessment of bovine biomaterials containing bone morphogenetic proteins bound to absorbable hydroxyapatite in rabbit segmental bone defects

Neto

et al. 2018

Heliyon

BackgroundNovel multifunctional biomaterials were recently designed to allow for an optimized tissue regeneration process.PurposeTo comprehensively assess (photographic, radiographic and histological) the in vivo functionality of demineralized bovine bone matrix (DBM) associated with an experimental marine organic extract (MOE) from nacre in a sheep ectopic grafting model.Materials and methodsSynthesis of MOE was based on mixing powdered nacre (0.05 g, particles average size <0.1 mm) with acetic acid (5 mL, pH 7) under constant stirring for 72 hours (25 °C). Polyethylene tubes (3/animal, n = 4, diameter: 5.0 mm × length: 10.0 mm) from the control (empty) or experimental groups (DBM or DBM + MOE) were then intramuscularly implanted into the lumbar regions of sheep (n = 8, 2-years old, ≈45 kg). Animals were euthanized at 3 and 6 months to allow for the collection of tissue samples. Tissue samples were fixed in formalin 10% (buffered, 7 days) in preparation for photographic, radiographic and histological assessments. Acquired images were then analyzed using digital image analysis software to quantify the amount of neoformed tissues, whereas radiographic and histological analyses were performed to determine radiopacity and classification of tissues deposited inside of the tubes.ResultsPhotographic and radiographic analyses have shown that both pure (unaltered) and MOE-modified DBM were capable of depositing neoformed tissues (at 3 and 6 months), where higher levels of deposition and radiopacity were observed on groups treated with experimental materials. Histological results, however, demonstrated that tissues formed from both unaltered and MOE-modified DBM were only fibrous connective in origin.ConclusionsAs an ectopic grafting in sheep, the experimental organo-biomaterial association applied did not reveal any osteoinductive property but led to a fibrous tissue repair only.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo regeneration functionalities of experimental organo-biomaterials containing water-soluble nacre extract

Neto

et al. 2018

Heliyon

Current Concepts in Dental Implantology

“…This occurred due to the advent of collagen membranes with good mechanical strength. In the past, it was difficult to obtain such satisfactory and predictable results due to the difficulty of producing collagen membranes with these characteristics [123,127].…”

Section: Composite and Polymer-based Bone Substitutesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Substitute Materials in Implant Dentistry

Saska¹,

Mendes²,

Gaspar³

et al. 2015

Although bone autografts have been routinely used as "gold standard" for reconstruction/ replacement bone defects, because they have osteogenic, osteoinductive, osteoconductive properties, they have a high number of viable cells and are rich in growth factors. However, the use of autograft is limited by several factors, being one of them the insufficient amount of donor tissue. Therefore, bone substitute materials have been extensively studied in order to develop an ideal material for substitution of bone grafts, due to some disadvantages presented by autografts, allografts and xenografts, such as poor bone quality, an inadequate amount of bone and possible immunogenicity for allografts and xenografts, which limit the use of these grafts in specific surgical protocols. These disadvantages have led tissue engineering and biotechnology to develop new materials and promising methods for tissue repair, especially for bone tissue. Thus, bone substitutes, synthetic and/or biotechnologically processed have become potential materials for clinical applications in different areas of health. An ideal bone substitute (BS) material should provide a variety of shapes and sizes with suitable mechanical properties to be used in sites where there are impact loading; moreover, these materials should be biocompatible, osteoconductive, preferably being resorbable and replaced by new bone formation. In general, resorbable BS materials are preferred, since these materials are expected to preserve the increased bone volume during the reconstruction and simultaneously are gradually replaced by newly formed bone. Synthetic materials, denominated as alloplastics, may act as scaffolds for bone cells providing tissue growth inside the respective material.

Journal of Periodontology

“…On the other hand, xenografts, whether of bovine, porcine or equine origin, also known as natural mineral bone, consist of an inert bone structure of three‐dimensional structure like the mineralized bone matrix . Despite the positive clinical and histologic results, these materials may also present the risk of antigenicity, because it is a different origin of the human species …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Despite the positive clinical and histologic results, 17,18 these materials may also present the risk of antigenicity, because it is a different origin of the human species. 19,20 In an attempt to find an ideal bone substitute, several alloplastic materials have been studied. These materials may reduce the morbidity of surgical procedures and have the possibility of different forms of presentation, size, texture, degree of porosity, degree of crystallinity and solubility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of methods of hydration of a biphasic ceramic graft on bone regeneration of extraction socket defects

Santos

Santana

Alves

et al. 2018

Background Alveolar volumetric changes are inherent to the healing process after tooth extraction and filling of the extraction site with biomaterials can reduce these volumetric changes and provide a more favorable environment for the future prosthetic restoration with implants. Among the biomaterials available, biphasic ceramic compounds have shown promissing clinical results, however, histologic evaluation of bone tissue response to different hydration and incorporation methods are limited. The objective of this study was to comparatively evaluate in vivo the osteoconductive potential of the biphasic ceramic bone substitute (SBC) composed of beta‐tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite after different hydration methodologies in rat extraction sockets. Methods Wistar rats (n = 20) were randomly distributed in two subgroups (G1, G2) according to the hydration methods used. After extraction of the right upper central incisor the alveoli were filled with SBC hydrated by two different methods. Group 1: biomaterial hydrated in blood; Group 2: biomaterial hydrated in physiologic saline. The animals were euthanized after 1 and 6 weeks for removal of the bone blocks containing the biomaterial and were submitted to histologic processing. Five‐μm‐thick demineralized sections of the samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and subjected to histomorphometric analysis. Results Bone formation was limited 7 days after the extraction procedure and increased in both groups between 7 and 42 days from surgery, demonstrating a time dependent increase of bone volume throughtout the experimental period (p < 0.05). Conclusions The hydration of SBC with saline significantly increased new bone formation and reduced connective tissue volume after 42 days demonstrating that hydration method may significantly influence bone healing in such defects, and, thus should be carefully performed.