Assessment of borehole water quality in Yola-Jimeta Metropolis, Nigeria

Abstract

, pH, sodium (Na + ) and total hardness (CaCO 3 ) are the main sources of borehole water contamination in the study area. This has health implications that include hypertensions and heart and kidney diseases which are on the increase in the region. Poor sanitary condition and intensive use of inorganic fertilizer are implicated as sources of contaminants. We therefore suggest the setting up of water sanitary agencies that will monitor and regulate health based targets of water quality at ward levels.

Water Quality of the World’s Largest Mangrove Forest

“…Bicarbonate concentration in boreholes in the metropolis ranged from 57.0 mg/L to 399 mg/L, with a mean of 195 mg/L [43]. The present result matches well with the findings of Abubakar et al, [43]. However, HCO 3 -concentration observed in this study disclosed a high level of HCO 3 -in every station compare to the recommended value.…”

“…According to surface water standard, the HCO 3 -concentration in freshwater should be 58.4 mg/L [57]. Bicarbonate concentration in boreholes in the metropolis ranged from 57.0 mg/L to 399 mg/L, with a mean of 195 mg/L [43]. The present result matches well with the findings of Abubakar et al, [43].…”

“…However, a previous study performed by Adejuwon et al, [39] disclosed a low level (35-168 mg/L) of water hardness in Lala, Yobo and Agodo rivers of Ogun State, Nigeria. A similar water hardness data (43.8 to 302 mg/L) was also observed in boreholes of the YolaJimeta Metropolis, Nigeria [43]. For the standard case, the hardness of river water remains moderately high (75-100 mg/L) for the rainy season; however, the values are excessively high (300 mg/L) for the winter and summer seasons [44].…”

Physico-chemical characteristics of borehole water quality in Gassol Taraba State, Nigeria

“…This study like similar studies carried out in the North Eastern region of Nigeria, showed that there are incidences of contamination of borehole water. For instance, Abubakar and Adekola (2012) found borehole water from Yola-Jimeta metropolis to have levels of chloride (Cl -), iron (Fe 2+ ), nitrate (NO 3 -), pH, sodium (Na + ) and total hardness (CaCO 3 ) which are the main sources of borehole water contamination in the study area. In that study the upper bound value (US 95 ) of pH was found to be above the guideline value.…”

“…It has been suggested that high rainfall is essential in increasing iron concentration in boreholes (Abubakar and Adekola, 2012). Rainwater as it infiltrates the soil and underlying geologic formations dissolves iron, causing it to seep into aquifers that serve as sources of ground water for borehole.…”