Assessment of bone metabolism in cadmium-induced renal tubular dysfunction by measurements of biochemical markers

Latest status of cadmium accumulation and its effects on kidneys, bone, and erythropoiesis in inhabitants of the formerly cadmium-polluted Jinzu River Basin in Toyama, Japan, after restoration of rice paddies

“…In contrast, bone metabolism markers showed large diVerences among the cases: the markers in case 3 were almost the same as cases 1 and 2, but case 4 had much higher levels, and case 5 had lower levels than case 4. These results agree with the degrees of renal dysfunction, as previously observed in Cd nephropathy or itai-itai disease: bone metabolism markers increase as Cd-induced renal tubular dysfunction progresses and then decrease when the kidneys are damaged to the point of glomerular dysfunction (Aoshima et al 2003;Omote et al 2006;Tsuritani et al 1994). Furthermore, hematological studies revealed that case 5 had severe normocytic, normochromic anemia without iron deWciency.…”

Study of potential impacts of using sewage sludge in the amendment of desert reclaimed soil on wheat and jews mallow plants

“…Concentrations of Pb and Cd were found to be higher in the liver and kidneys of the animals (Birley and Lock 2001) exposed to the pollutants than those that were not. Dietary intake of heavy metal-contaminated crop plants affect human health in the long term by damaging the nervous, pulmonary and renal systems (Aoshima et al, 2003). The objective of this work was to study the potential impacts of using sewage sludge in manuring newly reclaimed desert lands on the physical and chemical properties of soil.…”

Cadmium effects on growth and mineral nutrition of two halophytes: Sesuvium portulacastrum and Mesembryanthemum crystallinum

“…Over the past century, mining, manufacturing, intensive agriculture and urban activities have greatly contributed to heavy metal contamination of soils (Cunningham et al, 1995;Laughlin et al, 1996). Dietary intake of heavy metals-contaminated crop plants affect human health in the long term by damaging nervous, pulmonary and renal systems (Aoshima et al, 2003). Hüttermann et al (1999) showed that Cd accumulation in the upper layers of forest soil, even at relatively low concentrations, impaired the natural regeneration of forest species like Pinus sylvestris, thereby contributing to forest decline.…”