Assessment of Blood Pressure Variability in Postmenopausal Women

Abstract

Introduction: Increase in blood pressure is the leading cause of comorbidity, especially cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, but its variability represents an independent risk factor for the same in menopausal women. Dramatic decrease of estrogen production in menopause interferes with many metabolic pathways leading to insulin resistance, increased body mass index (BMI) and dyslipidemia hence cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this study an assessment of the variability of blood pressure in postmenopausal women and its association with BMI have been highlighted.Method: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 175 postmenopausal females more than 50 years of age who were admitted to or visited medicine wards with no known major medical condition were enrolled between June and July 2019. Recording of both diastolic and systolic blood pressure of postmenopausal women was done at 6 am, 12 pm and 7 pm manually by mercury sphygmomanometer. In addition, BMI, neck circumference, and lipid profile values were also recorded.Results: Variation of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 6 am, 12 pm and 7 pm in association with various parameters like BMI (more than 25 kg/m 2 ) were 128.

Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Wanita Menopause Di Posyandu Banjartengah Kota Malang

“…Tekanan darah menunjukkan skala rasio tekanan sistolik dan diastolik, dengan rata-rata dewasa normalnya 120/80 mmHg (Malinti & Malinti, 2020). Faktorfaktor seperti usia, ras, stres, jenis penyakit ginjal, dan obesitas mempengaruhi perubahan tekanan darah (Jain et al, 2022). Dengan bertambahnya usia seseorang, tekanan darah akan mengalami peningkatan.…”

“…Menopause ditandai dengan penurunan produksi hormon ovarium secara signifikan, terutama estrogen dan progesterone (Dosi et al, 2014). Setelah menopause, menurunnya kadar hormon, terutama estrogen, memengaruhi aliran darah dan meningkatkan beban kerja jantung untuk menjaga sirkulasi darah yang optimal, yang berkontribusi pada peningkatan tekanan darah (Maheshwari & Maheshwari, 2017;Jain et al, 2022)…”

Unveiling the sun-kissed connection: Vitamin D status and TSH levels in postmenopausal women

“…However, we didn't observe such a link, likely due to the relatively limited number of patients with elevated TSH levels, and the absence of cases with extremely high TSH levels. [4][5][6] We intend to investigate the relationship between serum levels of VitD and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in postmenopausal women. We expect blood Vit D levels to be lower in postmenopausal women with elevated serum TSH concentrations owing to decreased production.…”