Assessment of Biological Control of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on Common Bean in Honduras

Obrycki, John J.; Cave, Ronald; Bográn, Carlos E.

doi:10.2307/3495928

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…convergens from California do cross with local populations, no detrimental effects in Fl developmental and reproductive parameters in response to one species of aphid prey (A. pisum) may occur. Predation of other prey species of local importance may need to be examined (Bogran & Obrycki 1998). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Studies of Three Populations of the Lady Beetle Predator Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Obrycki¹,

Krafsur²,

Bográn³

et al. 2001

The Florida Entomologist

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Studies of Three Populations of the Lady Beetle Predator Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Obrycki¹,

Krafsur²,

Bográn³

et al. 2001

The Florida Entomologist

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“…Males develop as secondary endoparasitoids on female E. pergandiella or on related aphelinid parasitoids, depending on their relative abundance (Hunter 1989, Pedata andHunter 1996). It is native to Florida, California, Texas, Puerto Rico, and Central and South America (Polaszek et al 1992, Bográn et al 1998. Encarsia formosa is a thelytokous endoparasitoid (females produce virtually no male offspring) native to the Western Hemisphere (Polaszek et al 1992) and used around the world for augmentative biological control of whitefly in greenhouse crops (Hoddle et al 1998).…”

Section: Parasitoid-host Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific Competition among Insect Parasitoids: Field Experiments with Whiteflies as Hosts in Cotton

Bográn¹,

Heinz²,

Ciomperlik³

2002

Ecology

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Manipulative field experiments assessing the importance of interspecific competition on the dynamics of parasitoid populations and the impact of multiple parasitoids on host populations are virtually absent from the ecological literature. We report findings from such experiments assessing competitive interactions among three species of parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) of the silverleaf whitefly Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), a pestiferous species of worldwide importance. The parasitoids used in the study (Encarsia pergandiella Howard, Eretmocerus mundus Mercet, and Encarsia formosa Gahan) encompass the range of life histories found within Aphelinidae, and they exhibit a high degree of niche overlap. The objectives of our studies were (1) to investigate the occurrence of interspecific competition among the whitefly parasitoids, (2) to quantify shifts in resource utilization patterns as influenced by experimental manipulations of the parasitoid assemblage, and (3) to assess the impact of interspecific competition on the ability of the parasitoids to suppress their host populations.Field cages enclosing cotton plants were inoculated with whitefly by releasing adults at either a high or a low rate followed by releases of all possible combinations of the parasitoid species (including a no-parasitoid release control). The treatments were replicated three and four times each in 1996 and 1997. The presence of interspecific competitors reduced population growth rates of E. formosa and E. pergandiella but not the population growth rate of E. mundus. The spatial distribution of parasitism by E. pergandiella along the vertical axis of cotton plants differed in the multiple species treatments compared to the single species treatments. Changes in parasitoid activity in the presence of competitors may reduce potentially adverse effects of competition and promote species coexistence. Only releases of E. formosa together with E. pergandiella resulted in lower levels of host mortality than would be expected based on observed mortality by individual species. Our results demonstrate competitive interactions among three parasitoids of B. argentifolii under field manipulations but indicate that, in most cases, competitive interactions among parasitoids do not affect host population suppression.

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“…Thus, population census and correlation is very limited as a tool for generalizing and extrapolating results. Bogran et al (1998) attempted to use exclusion and partial exclusion to measure the effects of parasitoids and predators on B. tabaci infesting beans in Honduras. Exclusion did not appear to affect rates of predation by sucking predators (o5%), rates of parasitism (E30%) or densities of B. tabaci nymphs, pointing to methodological problems.…”

Section: Evaluation: How Can Efficacy and Impact Be Measured?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation and evaluation of natural enemies in IPM systems for Bemisia tabaci

2001

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Conservation biological control emphasizes the preservation and enhancement of natural enemies and is the cornerstone of all approaches to biological control. This review critically examines recent and current research efforts in conservation biological control by predators and parasitoids of Bemisia tabaci worldwide. A large number of natural enemy species have been identified from many agricultural systems. Further research has demonstrated that these natural enemies may act along with other mortality agents to inflict high levels of mortality on populations of B. tabaci. Less effort has been placed on determining the factors constraining or potentially enhancing biological control. The widespread use of broad-spectrum insecticides in many crops has severely hampered the contribution of predators and parasitoids to pest suppression. However, the arsenal of selective insecticides has grown in the past decade and their increased usage may permit the true integration of biological control into IPM systems. The effects of species interactions (e.g., intraguild predation) and host-plant attributes on disruption of biological control are poorly understood in most systems. Research in the area of habitat manipulation and enhancement is minimal. Very little research has addressed the evaluation of natural enemy effects on B. tabaci population dynamics in any system. As a result our ability to predict and exploit these effects for pest suppression are limited. Problems in estimating and interpreting parasitism are highlighted. Recent life table studies of B. tabaci in Arizona cotton are summarized to demonstrate how integration of natural enemies with use of selective insecticides resulted in the development of an efficient pest management system. Avenues for future research are discussed that may enhance the use of conservation biological control as a key tactic in IPM of B. tabaci. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

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Assessment of Biological Control of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on Common Bean in Honduras

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Comparative Studies of Three Populations of the Lady Beetle Predator Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Comparative Studies of Three Populations of the Lady Beetle Predator Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Interspecific Competition among Insect Parasitoids: Field Experiments with Whiteflies as Hosts in Cotton

Conservation and evaluation of natural enemies in IPM systems for Bemisia tabaci

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