Assessment of bacteriological quality of borehole water in Wamakko local government, Sokoto state, Nigeria

Abstract

The increase in human populations together with their daily activities continues to have great influence on the quality of borehole water in Nigeria. In the current study, the major source of drinking water within Arkilla which is the one of the most growing community in Wamakko local government area of Sokoto state, were analyzed bacteriologically to ascertain their portability. A total of three water samples were collected from available boreholes within the major sites of Arkilla area namely; Arkilla layout, Arkilla federal low cost and Arkilla state low cost. They were analyzed for the total bacterial, coliform and faecal coliform counts using the standard plate count and most probable number (MPN) assays. Obtained results were compared with (WHO) standards for drinking water sources. The mean total bacterial count ranged from 5.4 ×10 4 to 3.7 ×10 6 cells/ ml, whereas, the total coliform counts of the water samples ranged from 12-16 MPN/100 ml. The faecal coliform count ranged from 0-1 MPN/100 ml. General bacterial genera encountered were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. The bacterial load recovered from the studied borehole water samples were above the WHO standard for bacterial loads, and coliform content. Therefore, current results suggest that some of the borehole waters in Wamakko local government area, Nigeria; were not safe for drinking.

Bacteriological assessment of pipe-borne, borehole, and well water sources available to students in Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

“…In contrast, well and borehole water sources exhibited higher total coliform counts, ranging from 28 to 460 MPN/100 mL and 20 to 210 MPN/100 mL, respectively. These results were consistent with previous studies (Adedeji et al, 2017;Anake et al, 2013;Bashir et al, 2018;Sawyerr et al, 2019) which reported similar elevated counts. Unfortunately, both well and borehole water sources failed to meet the permissible range stipulated by regulatory standards.…”

“…On the contrary, well water samples exhibited the highest degree of contamination, boasted total bacterial count of 4.5 × 10 6 CFU/100 mL, a result consistent with the previous study conducted by Adedeji et al (2017). Borehole water sources also fell short of meet the stipulated requirements for total bacterial count, echoing the findings of Bashir et al (2018), who observed the presence of high fecal coliforms. This outcome was attributed to the proximity of the latrine system to the borehole water source, which was 30 meters below the recommended depth by the WHO.…”

Antibiotics Resistance Pattern of Coliform Bacteria Isolated from Slaughterhouse Wastewater in Jega Town, Kebbi State, Nigeria

“…Coliform bacteria were isolated using the surface spread plate method described by Cheesbrough (2006) and Bashir et al (2018). Total coliforms and bacterial counts of the collected wastewater samples were determined using Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar and Plate count agar.…”

Investigation of Virulence Factors and Effect of Chlorine and Sunlight on Carbapenems-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae from Water Samples

“…Several enteric microorganisms such as Enterobacteriacea among others are excreted in the faeces of infected individual or animals which may directly or indirectly contaminate drinking water [8]. Enterobacteriaceae naturally exit the body from the gut in feces, and are therefore ubiquitous in water and soil biomes, hence responsible for several infections such as urinary tract infections (UTI), bactereamia, intra-abdominal infections, and pneumonia [9,10]. As a result, antibiotics are being administered to curb these infections but unfortunately the microorganisms that are responsible for the infections are becoming resistant to these commonly used antibiotics even the so called potent, last line resort antibiotic (carbapenems).…”