Assessment of Appetite-Regulating Hormones Provides Further Evidence of Altered Adipoinsular Axis in Early Psychosis

Lis, Michał; Stańczykiewicz, Bartłomiej; Pawlik-Sobecka, Lilla; Samochowiec, Agnieszka; Reginia, Artur; Misiak, Błażej

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00480

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The association between leptin and negative symptoms is in keeping with a meta-analysis of patients with schizophrenia (Stubbs et al, 2016), although this was not observed in smaller studies of first episode of psychosis (FEP) patients (Chouinard et al, 2019; Lis et al, 2020). However, in FEP cases Lis et al, (2020) observed a correlation between leptin and cognitive dysfunction, a domain of psychopathology somewhat linked to negative symptoms. Recently, a Mendelian randomisation (MR) study did not find an association between leptin and schizophrenia (Perry et al, 2021a), bringing into question whether leptin plays a causal role in the illness.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Childhood Immuno-metabolic Markers and Risk of Depression and Psychosis in Adulthood: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study

Donnelly

Perry

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundMetabolic and inflammatory disorders commonly co-occur with depression and psychosis, with emerging evidence implicating immuno-metabolic dysfunction in their aetiology. Previous studies have reported metabolic dysfunction and inflammation in adults with depression and psychosis. However, longitudinal studies testing the direction of association, and the effects of different dimensions of early-life immuno-metabolic dysfunction on adult psychopathology, are limited.MethodsUsing data from 3875 birth cohort participants we examined longitudinal associations of three metabolic hormones (leptin, adiponectin, insulin) at age 9 with risks for depression- and psychosis-spectrum outcomes at age 24. In addition, using nine immuno-metabolic biomarkers, we constructed an exploratory bifactor model showing a general immuno-metabolic factor and three specific factors (adiposity, inflammation, and insulin resistance), which were also used as exposures.ResultsChildhood leptin was associated with adult depressive episode (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.28; 95% CI, 1.00-1.64) and negative symptoms (aOR=1.12; 95% CI, 1.05-1.20). The general immuno-metabolic factor was associated with depressive symptoms (aOR=1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08) and psychotic experiences (aOR=1.20; 95% CI, 1.01-1.42). The adiposity factor was associated with negative symptoms (aOR=1.07; 95% CI 1.02-1.12). All associations tended to be stronger in women, though 95% credible intervals overlapped with that for men. In women, the inflammatory factor was associated with depressive episode (aOR=1.23; 95% CI, 1.01-1.47) and atypical depressive symptoms (aOR=1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.19).ConclusionsWhile general immuno-metabolic dysfunction in childhood may contribute to risks for both psychotic and depressive symptoms in adulthood, childhood adiposity and inflammation are linked to affective (depressive, atypical, and negative) symptoms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Childhood Immuno-metabolic Markers and Risk of Depression and Psychosis in Adulthood: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study

Donnelly

Perry

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…We observed an association between leptin and negative, but not positive, psychotic symptoms. The general finding of an association between leptin and psychotic disorder is in keeping with a meta-analysis of patients with schizophrenia (Stubbs et al, 2016), although this was not observed in smaller studies of first episode of psychosis (FEP) patients (Chouinard et al, 2019;Lis et al, 2020). Similarly, a Mendelian randomisation (MR) study did not find an association between leptin and schizophrenia (Perry et al, 2021a), bringing into question whether leptin plays a causal role in the illness.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Findings: Psychosismentioning

confidence: 56%

Childhood immuno-metabolic markers and risk of depression and psychosis in adulthood: A prospective birth cohort study

Donnelly

Perry

Jones

et al. 2022

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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“…In schizophrenia, while previous studies have measured plasma leptin in patients with FEP, findings are very conflicting. For instance, a recent meta-analysis and clinical studies found that plasma leptin production was significantly reduced in antipsychotic-naïve FEP patients compared to the CNT subjects[ 69 - 71 ], whereas other studies found opposite results[ 72 - 74 ]. The reasons for these discrepancies are not clear; however, a number of factors including gender, sex hormones, age, eating behavior, duration of illness, smoking, and other medications may affect leptin production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrupted leptin-fatty acid biosynthesis is an early manifestation of metabolic abnormalities in schizophrenia

Khan¹

2022

WJP

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BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) and impaired energy expenditure (IEE) are irreparable metabolic comorbidities in schizophrenia. Although mechanism(s) underlying IR and IEE remains unclear, leptin and fatty acid signaling, which has profound influence on insulin secretion/sensitivity, glucose metabolism and energy expenditure, could be disrupted. However, no association of plasma leptin with erythrocyte membrane fatty acids, body mass index (BMI), and psychotic symptoms in the same cohort of untreated patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) or medicated patients with chronic schizophrenia (CSZ) is presented before. These studies are crucial for deciphering the role of leptin and fatty acids in the development of IR and IEE in schizophrenia. AIM To determine the association between plasma leptin, erythrocyte membrane fatty acids, particularly, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), BMI and psychotic symptoms in patients with FEP and CSZ. METHODS In this study, twenty-two drug naive patients with FEP, twenty-one CSZ patients treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs, and fourteen healthy control (CNT) subjects were analyzed. Plasma leptin was measured using sandwich mode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Erythrocyte membrane SFAs were measured using ultrathin capillary gas chromatography. BMI was calculated by using the formula: weight (kg)/height (m 2 ). Psychiatric symptoms were evaluated at baseline using brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), and positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). The total BPRS scores, positive and negative symptom scores (PANSS-PSS and PANSS-NSS, respectively) were recorded. Pearson correlation coefficient ( r ) analyses were performed to find the nature and strength of association between plasma leptin, PANSS scores, BMI and SFAs, particularly, palmitic acid (PA). RESULTS In patients with FEP, plasma leptin not BMI was significantly lower ( P = 0.034), whereas, erythrocyte membrane SFAs were significantly higher ( P < 0.005) compared to the CNT subjects. Further, plasma leptin showed negative correlation with erythrocyte membrane SFAs-PA ( r = −0.4972, P = 0.001), PANSS-PSS ( r = −0.4034, P = 0.028), and PANSS-NSS ( r = −0.3487, P = 0.048). However, erythrocyte membrane SFAs-PA showed positive correlation with PANSS-PSS ( r = 0.5844, P = 0.0034) and PANSS-NSS ( r = 0.5380, P = 0.008). In CSZ patients, plasma leptin, BMI, and erythrocyte membrane SFAs, all were significantly higher ( P < 0.05) compared to the CNT subjects. Plasma leptin showed positive correlation with BMI ( ...

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Assessment of Appetite-Regulating Hormones Provides Further Evidence of Altered Adipoinsular Axis in Early Psychosis

Abstract: risk of psychosis are needed to provide insights into causal mechanisms underlying our results.

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Childhood Immuno-metabolic Markers and Risk of Depression and Psychosis in Adulthood: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study

Childhood Immuno-metabolic Markers and Risk of Depression and Psychosis in Adulthood: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study

Childhood immuno-metabolic markers and risk of depression and psychosis in adulthood: A prospective birth cohort study

Disrupted leptin-fatty acid biosynthesis is an early manifestation of metabolic abnormalities in schizophrenia

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