“…It was shown previously that AKG can detoxify H 2 O 2 and provide an effective protection against oxidative stress [6, 8, 11]. The direct antioxidant action of AKG in our experiments is an unlikely explanation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 47%
“…In particular, AKG prevented H 2 O 2 -induced hemolysis of human erythrocytes [6] and iron-induced lipid peroxidation in rat brain in vitro [7]. An antioxidant action of AKG was proposed to be mediated through nonenzymatic interaction of AKG with H 2 O 2 with formation of succinate, carbon dioxide, and water [6, 8]. Subsequently, the antioxidant mode of AKG was found to be involved in its protective effects against different toxicants.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Previously we showed that AKG increased resistance of budding yeast S. cerevisiae to hydrogen peroxide in combined treatment [8]. In this work, we aimed at studying an adaptive potential of S. cerevisiae cells grown in the medium supplemented with AKG.…”
Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is an important intermediate in cell metabolism, linking anabolic and catabolic processes. The effect of exogenous AKG on stress resistance in S. cerevisiae cells was studied. The growth on AKG increased resistance of yeast cells to stresses, but the effects depended on AKG concentration and type of stressor. Wild-type yeast cells grown on AKG were more resistant to hydrogen peroxide, menadione, and transition metal ions (Fe2+ and Cu2+) but not to ethanol and heat stress as compared with control ones. Deficiency in SODs or catalases abolished stress-protective effects of AKG. AKG-supplemented growth led to higher values of total metabolic activity, level of low-molecular mass thiols, and activities of catalase and glutathione reductase in wild-type cells compared with the control. The results suggest that exogenous AKG may enhance cell metabolism leading to induction of mild oxidative stress. It turn, it results in activation of antioxidant system that increases resistance of S. cerevisiae cells to H2O2 and other stresses. The presence of genes encoding SODs or catalases is required for the expression of protective effects of AKG.
“…It was shown previously that AKG can detoxify H 2 O 2 and provide an effective protection against oxidative stress [6, 8, 11]. The direct antioxidant action of AKG in our experiments is an unlikely explanation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 47%
“…In particular, AKG prevented H 2 O 2 -induced hemolysis of human erythrocytes [6] and iron-induced lipid peroxidation in rat brain in vitro [7]. An antioxidant action of AKG was proposed to be mediated through nonenzymatic interaction of AKG with H 2 O 2 with formation of succinate, carbon dioxide, and water [6, 8]. Subsequently, the antioxidant mode of AKG was found to be involved in its protective effects against different toxicants.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Previously we showed that AKG increased resistance of budding yeast S. cerevisiae to hydrogen peroxide in combined treatment [8]. In this work, we aimed at studying an adaptive potential of S. cerevisiae cells grown in the medium supplemented with AKG.…”
Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is an important intermediate in cell metabolism, linking anabolic and catabolic processes. The effect of exogenous AKG on stress resistance in S. cerevisiae cells was studied. The growth on AKG increased resistance of yeast cells to stresses, but the effects depended on AKG concentration and type of stressor. Wild-type yeast cells grown on AKG were more resistant to hydrogen peroxide, menadione, and transition metal ions (Fe2+ and Cu2+) but not to ethanol and heat stress as compared with control ones. Deficiency in SODs or catalases abolished stress-protective effects of AKG. AKG-supplemented growth led to higher values of total metabolic activity, level of low-molecular mass thiols, and activities of catalase and glutathione reductase in wild-type cells compared with the control. The results suggest that exogenous AKG may enhance cell metabolism leading to induction of mild oxidative stress. It turn, it results in activation of antioxidant system that increases resistance of S. cerevisiae cells to H2O2 and other stresses. The presence of genes encoding SODs or catalases is required for the expression of protective effects of AKG.
“…При цьому, АКГ не підвищував потужність ендогенного антиоксидантного захисту. Разом з тим, відомо, що АКГ сам по собі має антиоксиданті властивості, зокрема може безпосередньо знешкоджувати пероксид водню [3]. Тому можна припустити, що АКГ може компенсувати частково зниження антиоксидантного захисту з віком та запобігати окисним пошкодженням.…”
Section: т а б л и ц я 1 маса тіла та вміст деяких метаболітів у тілunclassified
“…1Б), які є добре відомими індукторами оксидативного стресу [3; 10]. Раніше нами було показано, що АКГ діє як антиоксидант при сумісній обробці з токсикантами [3]. Тому можна припустити, що у самців, вирощених на АКГ, спожитий АКГ швидко метаболізується і обробка мух токсикантами, після того як мухи припинили споживати АКГ, не дає очікуваного позитивного ефекту.…”
Section: т а б л и ц я 1 маса тіла та вміст деяких метаболітів у тілunclassified
The decreasing of Aqp8 gene's expression in rat duodenal villus and crypt epithelial cells against the background of intensification of free radical formation with diarrhea upon gastric hypoacidic conditions were shown. The level of above mentioned gene's expression both in villus and crypt epitheliocytes approached to the control value upon the treatment of hypoacidic rats with multiprobiotic Symbiter.ВІКОВІ ФІЗІОЛОГО-БІОХІМІЧНІ ЗМІНИ DROSOPHILA ПРИ УТРИМАННІ НА СЕРЕДОВИЩІ З АЛЬФА-КЕТОГЛУТАРАТОМ
Досліджено деякі метаболічні показники та показники функціонального старіння у самців плодової мушки D. melanogaster w 1118 при вирощуванні на середовищі з альфа-кетоглутаратом (АКГ). Харчовий АКГ підвищував вміст амінокислот та білка у 2-денних самців та триацилгліцеридів у 24-денних самців без впливу на антиоксидантну систему самців обох вікових груп. Також АКГ підвищував стійкість до теплового стресу в обох вікових групах, не впливав на стійкість до оксидантів і запобігав зниженню рухової активності самців старшого віку.Ключові слова: амінокислоти, триацилгліцериди, тепловий стрес, локомоторна активність. In the work, certain metabolic parameters and parameters of functional senescence were studied in the fruit fly D. melanogaster w 1118 males fed with alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG). Dietary increased levels of amino acids and protein in 2-day-old males and levels of triacylglycerols in 24-day-old ISSN 1728-2624 ПРОБЛЕМИ РЕГУЛЯЦІЇ ФІЗІОЛОГІЧНИХ ФУНКЦІЙ. 1(22)/2017 ~ 31 ~males with no effect on antioxidant system of males of both age groups. In addition, AKG-supplemented food increased resistance to heat stress but not to oxidants in both age groups and prevented the decline in locomotor activity in middle-aged males.
Large scale biopharmaceutical production of biologics relies on the overexpression of foreign proteins by cells cultivated in stirred tank bioreactors. It is well recognized and documented fact that protein overexpression may impact host cell metabolism and that factors associated with large scale culture, such as the hydrodynamic forces and inhomogeneities within the bioreactors, may promote cellular stress. The metabolic adaptations required to support the high‐level expression of recombinant proteins include increased energy production and improved secretory capacity, which, in turn, can lead to a rise of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated through the respiration metabolism and the interaction with media components. Oxidative stress is defined as the imbalance between the production of free radicals and the antioxidant response within the cells. Accumulation of intracellular ROS can interfere with the cellular activities and exert cytotoxic effects via the alternation of cellular components. In this context, strategies aiming to alleviate oxidative stress generated during the culture have been developed to improve cell growth, productivity, and reduce product microheterogeneity. In this review, we present a summary of the different approaches used to decrease the oxidative stress in Chinese hamster ovary cells and highlight media development and cell engineering as the main pathways through which ROS levels may be kept under control.
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