Assessment of Antimicrobial and Pesticide Residues in Food Products Sourced from Peasant Family Farming in Chile

Abstract

The presence of antimicrobial and pesticide residues in products sourced from peasant family farms selected from eight regions of Chile was determined. A total of 204 samples were analyzed from family farm products, including honey, lettuce, tomato, strawberry, raspberry, lamb meat, and cow's milk. Pesticide residues were found in 43 of 107 samples tested for them, but only 4 samples had concentrations that exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by Chilean regulations. As for animal products, 2 of 15 cow's milk samples tested positive for permethrin residues; however, these concentrations did not exceed Chilean MRLs. No pesticide residues were detected in honey samples. As for antimicrobial drugs, 4 of 14 lamb meat samples and 11 of 79 cow's milk samples tested positive for different classes of antimicrobial residues, such as tetracyclines, macrolides, aminoglycosides, and β-lactams. Among these, only three samples exceeded the MRLs for these matrices. Traces of tetracyclines and sulfonamides were detected in 7 of 29 honey samples. These findings show that these chemical contaminants are present in trace concentrations in foodstuffs produced by peasant family farms in Chile; however, most residues did not exceed the regulatory limits. This study is the first assessment of the presence of residues from antimicrobial drugs and pesticides in food products sourced from peasant family farms in Chile. Data about the current state of drug residues in this segment of food products provide a baseline for efforts to close possible gaps in current surveillance schemes.

Antimicrobial Residues in Food from Animal Origin—A Review of the Literature Focusing on Products Collected in Stores and Markets Worldwide

“…The data from the combined papers were divided For a clearer evaluation, all studies with salmon, other fish from aquaculture, and shrimp were combined as seafood in the evaluation, as can be seen in Figure 2. Cattle [17][18][19][20][21][22], Eggs [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], Milk , Pork [58][59][60], Poultry [58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67], Sheep [68] and seafood [58,[69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83]. Combined analysis of more than one animal product was very common for pork, poultry, and seafood [63,[84][85]…”

Assessing Antibiotic Residues in Poultry Eggs from Backyard Production Systems in Chile, First Approach to a Non-Addressed Issue in Farm Animals

“…However, 8% of the studied BPS reported treating birds using medicinal plants or drugs registered for other animal species than poultry (including drugs for human use) [4]. Meanwhile, another study analysed the presence of antimicrobials in food products sourced from small-scale productions and found trace concentrations of antimicrobials in foodstuffs produced by peasant family farmers in Chile [12]. In Chile, the Official Veterinary Service regulates the registration and marketing of antibiotics for animal use, so access to them is not so easy.…”