Assessment of Airborne Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Selected Areas of Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka

Sivagnanasundaram, Premina; Amarasekara, Ruvini Wathsala Kumari; Madegedara, Dushantha; Ekanayake, Anuradha; Magana-Arachchi, Dhammika

doi:10.1155/2019/7393926

Cited by 35 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Fungal presence in the ecosystem reaches tremendous levels, being fungi estimated to comprise approximately 25 % of the global biomass [ 3 , 4 ]. Spores of different fungal species are dispersed in the atmosphere hence, airborne fungi play a critical role in air pollution [ 5 ], which can alter biotic and/or abiotic factors of the environment, thus affecting human health [ 6 ]. The diversity and concentration of airborne fungi in a certain area depend on environmental condition, human activity and availability of substrate for fungal growth [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of culturable airborne fungi in outdoor environments in Tianjin, China

et al. 2021

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Background Fungal spores dispersed in the atmosphere may become cause of different pathological conditions and allergies for human beings. A number of studies have been performed to analyze the diversity of airborne fungi in different environments worldwide, and in particular in many urban areas in China. We investigated, for the first time, the diversity, concentration and distribution of airborne fungi in Tianjin city. We sampled 8 outdoor environments, using open plate method, during a whole winter season. Isolated fungi were identified by morphological and molecular analysis. Environmental factors which could influence the airborne fungi concentration (temperature, humidity, wind speed, and air pressure) were monitored and analyzed. The effect of different urban site functions (busy areas with high traffic flow and commercial activities vs. green areas) on airborne fungal diversity was also analyzed. Results A total of 560 fungal strains, belonging to 110 species and 49 genera of Ascomycota (80 %), Basidiomycota (18 %), and Mucoromycota (2 %) were isolated in this study. The dominant fungal genus was Alternaria (22 %), followed by Cladosporium (18.4 %), Naganishia (14.1 %), Fusarium (5.9 %), Phoma (4.11 %), and Didymella (4.8 %). A fungal concentration ranging from 0 to 3224.13 CFU m− 3 was recorded during the whole study. Permutational multivariate analysis showed that the month was the most influential factor for airborne fungal community structure, probably because it can be regarded as a proxy of environmental variables, followed by wind speed. The two analyzed environments (busy vs. green) had no detectable effect on the air fungal community, which could be related to the relatively small size of parks in Tianjin and/or to the study season. Conclusions Our study shed light on the highly diverse community of airborne fungi characterizing the outdoor environments of Tianjin, and clarified the role that different environmental factors played in shaping the analyzed fungal community. The dominant presence of fungi with potential hazardous effect on human health, such as Alternaria, Cladosporium and Naganishia, deserves further attention. Our results may represent a valuable source of information for air quality monitoring, microbial pollution control, and airborne diseases prevention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of culturable airborne fungi in outdoor environments in Tianjin, China

et al. 2021

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“…Our study showed indoor air quality surveillance assessed by Air sampling method yielded Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus 6 (50%) followed by Micrococcus 5 (41.6%), and Bacillus 1(8.3%). These isolates could be commensal flora of human skin, mucus membranes that are continuously shred 21,22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Colonization of Intensive Care Unit Environment and Healthcare Workers in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Kolar Region, India

Kalyani¹,

Arvind²,

Kumar³

et al. 2021

J Pure Appl Microbiol

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Direct shedding of microbes by patients and health care workers results in contamination of Intensive care unit environment. Intensive care unit acquired infections due to microbial contamination is a major concern because the patient’s immunity is already compromised. To determine the rate of bacterial contamination on environmental surfaces of Intensive care unit and health care workers and to determine the antibiogram of the isolates. Air samples and swabs from healthcare workers, their accessories, surrounding environmental surfaces were collected randomly over a period of 2 months in Adult Intensive care units. Bacterial isolates were identified by standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and data analyzed by Statistical Product and Service Solutions 22 version software. A total of 208 samples were randomly collected over 2 months, of which 56 samples yielded positive bacterial growth. Of 56 growth, 12 isolates were detected from air sampling method and 44 isolates from swabs. Among 44 isolates identified from swabs, 10 were isolated from healthcare workers, 4 from health care worker’s accessories and 30 from environmental surfaces. Six different bacterial isolates were identified, Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (24) and Micrococcus (15) were the major isolates followed by Non fermenters (6), Staphylococcus aureus(4), Bacillus species(4) and diphtheroids (3) The antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of these bacterial isolates were sensitive to commonly used antibacterial agents. Study results showed Intensive care unit staff and environmental surfaces as probable sources of bacterial contamination. Study highlights the importance of cleaning and disinfection process and educate the health care workers about the possible sources of infections within Intensive care unit.

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“…The simulation conditions are shown in Table 2. Among them, according to the actual usage situation, the purifying air volume of the child's bed was 280 m 3…”

Section: Simulation Condition Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that the air in hospitals and other health service buildings contains microbial aerosols, and thus controlling the level of pathogenic microbial infections ensures the safety of workers and patient groups [1,2]. At present, there are frequent outbreaks of epidemics caused by respiratory viruses [3,4]. For example, norovirus is found seasonally in aerosols, as are avian influenza viruses [5,6], with airborne transmission representing an important route of dissemination of H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an Innovative Pediatric Isolation Bed Using Fluid Dynamics Simulation and Physical Pollutants

Liu¹,

Guo²,

Hao³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Airborne transmission is an important mechanism of spread for both viruses and bacteria in hospitals, with nosocomial infections putting a great burden on public health. Patients in intensive care units are highly susceptible and these units by necessity already have incur high operating costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an economical medical device to prevent nosocomial infections. In order to achieve this goal, an innovative pediatric isolation bed was developed. Methods: We investigated the position of the child and air intake wind speed to test the local isolation effect of the bed using computational fluid dynamics simulation technology. Following this, we conducted purification experiments using cigarette smoke, and sustained release Staphylococcus albus and human adenovirus type 5 to demonstrate the isolation efficacy.Results: The results showed that the patient’s head should be placed as close to the air inlet hood as possible, and the value of air intake wind speed of 0.86 m/s was effective. The isolation efficacy of this innovative pediatric isolation bed is demonstrated by CFD technology and experiments using cigarette smoke and different kinds of microorganisms.Conclusions: The pediatric isolation bed is mobile and economic, particularly useful for where infectious isolation wards are unavailable, such as in intensive care units and primary clinical settings, to control hospital acquired infection. This study provides a new method for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections.

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Assessment of Airborne Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Selected Areas of Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka

Cited by 35 publications

References 54 publications

Analysis of culturable airborne fungi in outdoor environments in Tianjin, China

Analysis of culturable airborne fungi in outdoor environments in Tianjin, China

Bacterial Colonization of Intensive Care Unit Environment and Healthcare Workers in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Kolar Region, India

Evaluation of an Innovative Pediatric Isolation Bed Using Fluid Dynamics Simulation and Physical Pollutants

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