Assessment of Adverse Drug Reactions on Cardiovascular Drugs in Hospitalized Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital – A Prospective Analysis

Abstract

Objective: The present study was taken up to assess the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) based on the spontaneous reactions among the inpatients who were hospitalized for the treatment of cardiac ailments. Methods: A prospective and observational study was done in the department of cardiology for a period of 6 months. Patients on cardiac drug therapy were evaluated to detect unwanted effects and were given treatment for the developed complications. The ADRs were identified, followed up, and documented. Results: In the present study, 255 inpatients were assessed to pinpoint the negative effects and about 80 (n=80) sufferers were recognized with 28 types of ADRs. The highest percentage of ADRs was in adults of age group 60–70 years. Type A accounted for most of the reports which was based on severity. The number of ADRs in heart muscle disorders was found to be 44% (n=35) followed by coronary artery disease 40% (n=32), then heart valve disorders and patients underwent surgery were affiliated to 8% (n=6) each. The highest number of ADRs was reported in patients suffered from disorders pertained to heart muscle. Majority of ADRs were rated as possible, preventable, and moderate according to causality, preventability, and severity parameters, respectively. The data were tabulated, analyzed, and subjected to statistics using Graph Pad Prism 8. Conclusion: It was concluded that proper management and monitoring of drug therapy are the key to prevent ADRs.

Untitled

“…Skin reactions accounted for 14.54% of cases, followed by the Central Nervous System (CNS) at 10.9%. These findings are consistent with the literature study 20 , where the GI system (37%), skin (25%), and CNS (12%) were the most commonly affected systems. Another study also reported a high incidence of GI ADRs (42.1%), followed by skin and subcutaneous tissue (33.8%) 24 .…”

“…In our study, we observed an incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) at a rate of 2.75%, constituting a significant portion, specifically 47.01%, of the total DRPs. This trend aligns with findings from two other studies, where they reported similar ADR incidences of 2.17% 19 and 1.82%, respectively 20,21 . There was an another study reported a lower incidence of 3.7% ADRs among hospitalized patients in India, highlighting the need to investigate the reasons for this discrepancy, including under-reporting and inadequate pharmacovigilance systems 22 .…”