Assessment of additives avoiding the release of problematic species into the gas phase during biomass combustion—development of a fast screening method based on TGA

Höfer, Isabel; Kaltschmitt, Martin

doi:10.1007/s13399-016-0229-3

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…For examination of the fuel composition uncertainty, 30 samples of poplar wood pellets were randomly selected from different pellet bags. The experiments were carried out on a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) laboratory thermobalance adhering to the ASTM standards. − The proposed device can heat up to 1800 K with the heating rate ranging between 0.01 and 50 °C/min. The pellet samples were finely ground and placed on the platinum crucible of the TGA apparatus, as shown in Figure .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty Quantification of Biomass Composition Variability Effect on Moving-Grate Bed Combustion: An Experiment-Based Approach

Rahdar

Lee

2020

Energy Fuels

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Solid biomass combustors are being increasingly deployed for energy supply to help reduce global greenhouse gas emissions, despite the fact that they still suffer from some uncontrolled deflections. Biomass composition variability is a factor that can provoke uncertainty in combustion properties, although it has not been sufficiently studied so far. This paper quantifies the impact of fuel composition variability on thermal and emission aspects of biomass combustion properties in a moving-grate boiler. A one-dimensional transient numerical model of the biomass bed combustion is developed. A set of thermogravimetric analysis experiments on randomly selected biomass pellets are conducted to determine the proximate analysis of the particles. The expected mean value and corresponding standard deviation of fuel particle composition are included in the combustion model in order to analyze the boiler operation data under uncertainty conditions. From this study, it was generally concluded that the fuel combustion properties are profoundly affected by char content, more than moisture and volatile matters. High char content creates less uncertainty, whereas the main source of uncertainty arises from moisture variability. Heat generation from the boiler varies up to 6.7 and 10.7% for wood pellets and bamboo chips, respectively. The flame-temperature fluctuation resulting from composition variability is negligible for both fuel cases. The mean ignition rate for wood pellets can deviate up to 9%, and it increases to 11% for bamboo. Eventually, NO x emission from biomass combustion is vigorously influenced by volatile content variability. This study intuitively concludes that using processed biochar in the combustion system not only improves heat production but also limits uncertainty to a great extent.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty Quantification of Biomass Composition Variability Effect on Moving-Grate Bed Combustion: An Experiment-Based Approach

Rahdar

Lee

2020

Energy Fuels

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“…In biomass analysis and related fields, AAS is an established method in elemental analysis 79, 132–134, 136–139. AAS is often used to analyse elemental composition in solid biofuels 140–143. Different methods of AAS have been standardised for different solid fuels 144–146.…”

Section: Analysis Of Solid Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other analytical X‐ray spectroscopy methods are important for the investigation of biomass and other solid fuels, concerning their composition and structure. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) 143, 185, 186 and X‐ray absorption analyses like extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X‐ray absorption near‐edge spectroscopy (XANES) are used for structural analysis of biomass, solid fuels, or other solid samples 79, 136, 163, 185, 187–189.…”

Section: Analysis Of Solid Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Methods for the Rapid Determination of Solid Biofuel Quality

Endriss

Kuptz

Hartmann

et al. 2023

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Fuel properties of solid biofuels are essential aspects for the energy‐efficient and low‐emission operation of biomass heat and power plants. Hence, fuel quality parameters are often defined and used for pricing in supply contracts. To simplify and accelerate analytical approaches, rapid analysis devices are required to determine fuel properties such as water‐ and ash content, calorific value, and chemical composition on‐site. This article gives an overview about available technologies and, if applicable, their current state of use as rapid analysis devices for solid biofuels.

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“…Another important goal is to facilitate the incorporation of low-temperature melting Kcontaining compounds (silicates) into more temperature stabile species as well as to increase the ash melting point and prevent sintering [28]. In order to be considered as an additive these compounds need to meet specific requirements: high reactivity, high specific surface and porosity, high melting point (temperature stability), no negative influence on the combustion process such as reduction of efficiency or formation of new pollutants, non-toxic, easy to handle, store, and transport, as well as low specific costs [27,29]. Kaolin is an example of Al-silicate-based additive with large surface area which further facilitates sorption of alkali metals into the bottom ash by forming high-temperature stabile compounds (alkali-Al-silicates) [4,11,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Improvement Measures for Particulate Matter Emission Reduction during Corn Cob Combustion

2021

Self Cite

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Fuel-related measures and modernization of small-scale combustion units has become the focus of attention in the renewable heat generation sector, as a means to promote local biomass utilization and fuel-flexibility while meeting strict environmental legislative requirements. With the aim to mitigate total particulate matter emissions and ash-associated problems characteristic of crop residue combustion, (1) corn cob pellets (with and without kaolin and binder) as well as (2) fuel blends with wood pellets were combusted in a pellet oven under full load. Results show that additivation or fuel blending (e.g., 50 wt. % wood and 50 wt. % corn cob pellets) reduce total particulate and CO-emissions by 48 to 60 wt. % and 64 to 89 wt. %, respectively, in comparison to baseline emissions from non-additivized corn cob pellets. Kaolin prevented sintering of corn cob ash. However, considerable grate ash entrainment was observed. TPM consists of a “primary network”—polyhedral and spherical particles approximately 1 μm in diameter (mainly KCl), and a “secondary network” built on top of the primary network, consisting of square-prism-shaped particles of approximately 200 nm in diameter. KCl and K2SO4 are main compounds in particles from corn cob and wood pellet combustion, respectively. Effective measures demonstrated within this study should be complemented with low-cost coarse ash removal systems.

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Assessment of additives avoiding the release of problematic species into the gas phase during biomass combustion—development of a fast screening method based on TGA

Cited by 8 publications

References 68 publications

Uncertainty Quantification of Biomass Composition Variability Effect on Moving-Grate Bed Combustion: An Experiment-Based Approach

Uncertainty Quantification of Biomass Composition Variability Effect on Moving-Grate Bed Combustion: An Experiment-Based Approach

Analytical Methods for the Rapid Determination of Solid Biofuel Quality

Fuel Improvement Measures for Particulate Matter Emission Reduction during Corn Cob Combustion

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