Assessment of a methanol-fueled integrated hybrid power system of solid oxide fuel cell and low-speed two-stroke engine for maritime application

Qu, Jinbo; Feng, Yongming; Zhu, Yuanqing; Wu, Binyang; Wu, Yurong; Xiao, Zhihua; Zheng, Shuaichao

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.120735

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Starting from these previous research works, as well as inspired by other FCs equipped vessel R&D (research and development) works targeting different types of FC [7,42,43] and different fuels [44,45], in the current paper the authors will investigate the possibility of retrofitting an existing small-scale ferry operating in the port of Genova as a public transportation vehicle for citizens.…”

Section: Research Noveltymentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Assessment of Alternative Clean Power Systems onboard Passenger Short-Distance Ferry

Elkafas,

Rivarolo,

Barberis

et al. 2023

JMSE

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In order to promote low-carbon fuels such as hydrogen to decarbonize the maritime sector, it is crucial to promote clean fuels and zero-emission propulsion systems in demonstrative projects and to showcase innovative technologies such as fuel cells in vessels operating in local public transport that could increase general audience acceptability thanks to their showcase potential. In this study, a short sea journey ferry used in the port of Genova as a public transport vehicle is analyzed to evaluate a ”zero emission propulsion” retrofitting process. In the paper, different types of solutions (batteries, proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)) and fuels (hydrogen, ammonia, natural gas, and methanol) are investigated to identify the most feasible technology to be implemented onboard according to different aspects: ferry daily journey and scheduling, available volumes and spaces, propulsion power needs, energy storage/fuel tank capacity needed, economics, etc. The paper presents a multi-aspect analysis that resulted in the identification of the hydrogen-powered PEMFC as the best clean power system to guarantee, for this specific case study, a suitable retrofitting of the vessel that could guarantee a zero-emission journey.

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Section: Research Noveltymentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Assessment of Alternative Clean Power Systems onboard Passenger Short-Distance Ferry

Elkafas,

Rivarolo,

Barberis

et al. 2023

JMSE

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“…Currently, increasingly severe climate changes prompt maritime technology to aim at net-zero emissions. The solution presented in this paper has the ability to effectively remit the greenhouse effect on a short to medium term due to the low complexity of modifying of an old ship [59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Vref [Kn]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Overall Efficiency of Marine Power Systems through Co-Optimization of Top-Bottom Combined Cycle by Means of Exhaust-Gas Bypass: A Semi Empirical Function Analysis Method

Liu

Feng

et al. 2023

JMSE

Self Cite

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The mandatory implementation of the standards laid out in the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) and the Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) requires ships to improve their efficiency and thereby reduce their carbon emissions. To date, the steam Rankine cycle (RC) has been widely used to recover wasted heat from marine main engines to improve the energy-conversion efficiency of ships. However, current marine low-speed diesel engines are usually highly efficient, leading to the low exhaust gas temperature. Additionally, the temperature of waste heat from exhaust gas is too low to be recovered economically by RC. Consequently, a solution has been proposed to improve the overall efficiency by means of waste heat recovery. The exhaust gas is bypassed before the turbocharger, which can decrease the air excess ratio of main engine to increase the exhaust gas temperature, and to achieve high overall efficiency of combined cycle. For quantitative assessments, a semi-empirical formula related to the bypass ratio, the excess air ratio, and the turbocharging efficiency was developed. Furthermore, the semi-empirical formula was verified by testing and engine model. The results showed that the semi-empirical formula accurately represented the relationships of these parameters. Assessment results showed that at the turbocharging efficiency of 68.8%, the exhaust temperature could increase by at least 75 °C, with a bypass ratio of 15%. Moreover, at the optimal bypass ratio of 11.1%, the maximum overall efficiency rose to 54.84% from 50.34%. Finally, EEXI (CII) decreased from 6.1 (4.56) to 5.64 (4.12), with the NOx emissions up to Tier II standard.

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“…However, with the increasingly severe issues of energy and the environment in recent years, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has issued increasingly strict emission regulations to limit emissions such as NO X , SO X , and CO 2 from ships. 1–4 To meet these emission regulations, new energy technologies such as solar power, 5–7 fuel cells, 8–10 and alternative fuel engines 11–13 have been explored and researched. Among them, natural gas is considered a plentiful and clean fuel that can effectively reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides, greenhouse gases, and consumption of low-sulfur fuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of direct injection mixture formation for dual-fuel low speed marine engine using novel compound electric gas injection devices

Fan,

Huang,

Pang

2023

International Journal of Engine Research

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For two-stroke low speed marine engines, using a natural gas-diesel dual-fuel mode can effectively reduce emissions such as NOX, SOX, and CO2, making it an important approach to promote the low-carbon and environmentally friendly development of the shipping industry. To address the issues of abnormal combustion and gas leakage faced by low-pressure gas direct injection, a novel compound electric gas injection device is proposed, which is designed with a coaxial arrangement of a moving coil actuator and a moving iron actuator. Based on this new device, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the low speed marine engine operating process is established to simulate the distribution characteristics of the in-cylinder flow field under 16 different scenarios, including different injection side-slip angles and lower deflection angles, and to clarify the impact of these factors on the formation, diffusion, and evolution of the mixture. Based on this, an evaluation system was established from two dimensions: mixture uniformity and gas leakage rate. An improved multi-attribute decision-making TOPSIS algorithm based on the entropy weight method was used to define the attribute importance using information entropy, and to construct an optimization evaluation model for the spatial arrangement of the injection device. The optimal arrangement angle was calculated, in which a side-slip angle was 20° and a lower deflection angle was 10°. This method avoids the problem of unreasonable decisions caused by subjective factors such as designer preferences and experience, effectively improving the in-cylinder mixture uniformity and reducing gas leakage rate.

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Assessment of a methanol-fueled integrated hybrid power system of solid oxide fuel cell and low-speed two-stroke engine for maritime application

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

Feasibility Assessment of Alternative Clean Power Systems onboard Passenger Short-Distance Ferry

Feasibility Assessment of Alternative Clean Power Systems onboard Passenger Short-Distance Ferry

Improving the Overall Efficiency of Marine Power Systems through Co-Optimization of Top-Bottom Combined Cycle by Means of Exhaust-Gas Bypass: A Semi Empirical Function Analysis Method

Optimization of direct injection mixture formation for dual-fuel low speed marine engine using novel compound electric gas injection devices

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