Assessment of a low-cost commercial CCD for use in X-ray imaging

Yousefi, Amin; Jafari, Hamid; Khorsandi, M.; Faezmehr, A.

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110476

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In 13 , we have shown how to design and use ADMM algorithms for denoising and deconvolution in a scientific context, such that they operate unbiased by the user and purely on the measurable noise parameters of a detector and a sufficient noise model. Scintillation-based CCD detectors are not limited to electron microscopy, they have use-cases in x-ray detection for astronomy 14 , nuclear physics 15 as well as in medicine [16][17][18][19][20] . Since the detector architecture uses a CCD, the noise model that we will derive in the following must be valid for general CCD cameras as well, such that the scintillation-based CCD detectors appear as a special case.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An applied noise model for scintillation-based CCD detectors in transmission electron microscopy

Zietlow,

Lindner

2024

Preprint

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Measurements in general are limited in accuracy by the presence of noise. This also holds true for highly sophisticated scintillation-based CCD cameras, as they are used in medical applications, astronomy or transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Further, signals measured with pixelated detectors are convolved with the inherent detector point spread function (PSF). The Poisson noise, arising from the quantized nature of the beam electrons, gets correlated by this convolution, which allows to reconstruct the detector PSF based on the Wiener–Khinchin theorem and the Pearson correlation coefficients under homogeneous illumination conditions. However, correlation also has a strong impact on the noise statistics of basic operations like the binning of signals, as it is usually done in electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). Thus, this paper aims to give an insight into the different noise contributions occurring on such detectors, into their underlying statistics and their correlation. Detectors usually suffer from gain non-linearities and quantum efficiency deviations, which must be corrected for optimal results. All these operations influence the noise and are influenced by it, vice versa. In this work, we mathematically describe all these changes and show them experimentally. Methods on how to measure individual noise and correlation parameters are described allowing readers to implement routines for finding them. Sufficient knowledge on the noise of a measurement is not only crucial for classifying its quality and meaningfulness, but also allows for better post-processing operations like deconvolution, which is a common practice in spectroscopy to enhance signals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An applied noise model for scintillation-based CCD detectors in transmission electron microscopy

Zietlow,

Lindner

2024

Preprint

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“…In the last decade, digital radiography has been widely used in nondestructive testing, mammography, high energy physics, and other areas [1][2][3][4]. Uptil now, CsI(Tl) scintillators served as converters for X-rays into visible light still play an important role in X-ray detection for its high light output, spatial resolution and the ability to grow in columnar or needle-like structures by the vacuum thermal evaporation method and couple with the CCD, complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor (CMOS), or amorphous silicon detector arrays easily [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Although some researches about fluorescence transformation and conversion factor of CsI(Tl) films had been published [11,12], the fluorescence transformation efficiency research of the hexagonal microcrystalline columnar CsI(Tl) film is restricted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fluorescence transformation efficiency research of the hexagonal microcrystalline column model of CsI(Tl) film

Tian

Liu

Deng

et al. 2023

International Conference on Optoelectronic Information and Functional Materials (OIFM 2023)

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Based on the luminescence of the X-ray in the scintillator, this article builds a new hexagonal microcolumn model of CsI(Tl) thin film coupled with the charge-coupled device (CCD). The study proposes a fluorescence transport structure for X-ray luminescence and investigates the fluorescence transformation efficiency of the CsI(Tl) crystal to X-ray. Simulation results reveal that the different thickness and crystal column diameter has a significant impact on the fluorescence transmittance efficiency. The comprehensive discussion indicates that the maximum efficiency can be acquired under an appropriate grain diameter and film thickness.

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Assessment of a low-cost commercial CCD for use in X-ray imaging

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

An applied noise model for scintillation-based CCD detectors in transmission electron microscopy

An applied noise model for scintillation-based CCD detectors in transmission electron microscopy

The fluorescence transformation efficiency research of the hexagonal microcrystalline column model of CsI(Tl) film

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