“…The Classroom-based Assessment (or PBD for Pentaksiran Bilik Darjah) assumes a critical role in this educational transformation (Curriculum Development Division, 2016;Ministry of Education Malaysia, 2017;Narinasamy & Nordin, 2018). This initiative exemplifies a robust commitment to the integration of informal assessment practices into the pedagogical and learning processes (Md Jaafar et al, 2024;Juhari & Zakaria, 2024;Zakaria et al, 2024), thereby steering teachers away from the conventional summative assessment-centric model towards a more formative-driven approach (Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum, 2016;Juhari & Zakaria, 2024;Md Ali et al, 2015). Central in guiding these assessment endeavours is the overarching reference to Bloom's Taxonomy, which serves as the cornerstone for framing both instructional and assessment activities (Ambotang & Gobalakrishnan, 2017;Md Ali et al, 2015;Ministry of Education Malaysia, 2013, 2017Zakaria & Latif, 2021).…”