Assessment and Treatment of Adolescent Substance Use Disorders

Margret, Cecilia P.; Ries, Richard K.

doi:10.1016/j.chc.2016.03.008

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Furthermore, RapaLink‐1, by reducing the amount of alcohol consumed during initial binge drinking episodes, could be developed as a therapeutic approach to reduce the initial risk of alcohol use and thus the prevalence of AUD. This possibility is of importance because the occurrence of binge pattern of alcohol consumption, especially in young adults, is on the rise (Naimi et al ; Margret & Ries ). Furthermore, RapaLink‐1 may be used as a prevention therapy in vulnerable populations with high propensity of harmful alcohol use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new generation of mTORC1 inhibitor attenuates alcohol intake and reward in mice

et al. 2017

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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic condition associated with devastating socioeconomic consequences. Yet, pharmacotherapies to treat behavioral phenotypes such as uncontrolled heavy drinking are limited. Studies in rodents suggest that the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays an important role in mechanisms underlying alcohol drinking behaviors as well as alcohol seeking and relapse. These preclinical evidence suggest that mTORC1 may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of AUD. Thus, the aim of the present study was to test the potential use of newly developed mTORC1 inhibitors, RapaLink-1 and MLN0128, in preclinical mouse models of AUD. First, we used the intermittent access to 20 percent alcohol in a two-bottle choice paradigm and tested the efficacy of the drugs to reduce alcohol intake in mice with a history of binge drinking and withdrawal. We found that both inhibitors reduce excessive alcohol intake and preference with RapaLink-1 exhibiting higher efficacy. We further observed that RapaLink-1 attenuates alcohol consumption during the first alcohol-drinking session in naïve mice, and interestingly, the effect was still present 14 days after the initial treatment with the drug. We also found that RapaLink-1 did not alter the consumption of water or saccharin, revealing a specific effect of the inhibitor on alcohol intake. Finally, we report that RapaLink-1 blocks the retrieval but not acquisition of alcohol place preference without affecting locomotion. Together, our findings suggest that RapaLink-1 may be developed as a new medication to treat and prevent the development of AUD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new generation of mTORC1 inhibitor attenuates alcohol intake and reward in mice

et al. 2017

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“…Cannabis and alcohol KMSK scores were positive predictors of odds of a CD diagnosis. Therefore, these data suggest that there is a gradual increase in the odds of a person developing a CUD, based on increasing adolescent or young adult exposure to either cannabis or alcohol (John & Wu, 2017; Margret & Ries, 2016). In a recent study using a similar design, we found that cannabis, but not alcohol KMSK scores, were positive predictors of odds of opioid dependence (Butelman, Maremmani, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Are trait impulsivity and exposure to cannabis or alcohol associated with the age of trajectory of cocaine use? A gender-specific dimensional analysis in humans with cocaine dependence diagnosis.

Butelman¹,

Chen²,

Conybeare³

et al. 2020

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Cocaine use disorders (CUD) cause major morbidity and optimized prevention efforts are critical. It is unclear if trait impulsivity and exposure to cannabis or alcohol are associated with age trajectory of cocaine use (e.g., age of onset of heaviest use, or time of escalation), or with vulnerability to develop a CUD. This is an observational study with volunteers (≥18 years old), from a metropolitan area. The sample (n = 1,010) included: n = 360 normal volunteers, n = 438 with cocaine dependence (CD) diagnoses, and n = 212 with other addictive diseases. Trait impulsivity was examined with BIS-11 scores. Maximal self-exposure to cannabis, alcohol, and cocaine were characterized dimensionally with Kreek-McHugh-Schluger-Kellogg (KMSK) scales. Time of escalation was defined as the interval between age of first use and age of onset of heaviest use. Onset of maximal use of cannabis (median age = 17) and alcohol (median age = 21) preceded that of cocaine (median age = 27), in volunteers with CD. Multivariate Cox regressions in volunteers with CD show that increasing self-exposure to cannabis was a predictor of earlier onset of heaviest use of cocaine. Also, more rapid time of escalation of alcohol was a predictor of more rapid time of escalation of cocaine. A multiple logistic regression shows that increasing self-exposure to cannabis or alcohol was a positive predictor of odds of CD diagnosis. Trait impulsivity and gender were not significant predictors in these multivariate analyses. This study shows that aspects of adolescent exposure to nonmedical cannabis and alcohol are predictors of early onset of CUD, and may be potentially targeted for prevention efforts.

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“…El modelo que explica el uso de sustancias es complejo, por cuanto intervienen diversos factores: genético-ambientales, trastornos psiquiátricos, experiencias previas, la influencia de la familia y sus pares, el colegio, trabajo, religión y realización de algún deporte (12) . La OMS informó que en el año 2010 el 38% de la población mayor de 15 años había consumido alcohol en los últimos 12 meses (13) .…”

Section: Consumo De Sustanciasunclassified

“…Dentro de la categoría de consumo indebido de alcohol existen otras herramientas de análisis tales como: el "Inventario de consumo de Adolescentes" que consta de 24 ítems que refleja el perfil del adolescente y su falta de control por la bebida; el "Índice de Problemas de Alcohol Rutgers" que demuestra el área funcional afectada por el consumo de alcohol y la "Escala de Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo del Adolescente" que relaciona los comportamientos compulsivos con el consumo de bebidas embriagantes (12) .…”

Section: Escalasunclassified

Comportamientos de riesgo para la salud en los adolescentes

Paredes-Iragorri

Patiño-Guerrero

2019

Univ. Salud

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ResumenIntroducción: Los adolescentes experimentan cambios físicos y psicosociales que los hacen vulnerables a múltiples comportamientos de riesgo, evidenciando la necesidad de generar políticas de prevención. Objetivo: Identificar los principales comportamientos de riesgo de los adolescentes, su prevalencia, factores predisponentes; así como las guías y escalas validadas que existen para su detección. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos y páginas oficiales de las principales organizaciones de salud. Se seleccionaron 45 artículos completos en español e inglés, publicados entre los años 2003 y 2017. Resultados: Se agruparon los comportamientos de riesgo en cinco dominios de los cuales se identificó su prevalencia se describieron las guías y escalas validadas existentes para su detección. Conclusiones: Al identificar los comportamientos de riesgo en los adolescentes se disminuye su morbimortalidad si se intervienen de forma precoz. Se recomienda a los profesionales de salud utilizar las mejores herramientas de tamizaje disponibles, que evalúan de manera rápida y simultánea múltiples comportamientos tales como las guías: Education/employment, peer Activities, Drugs, Sexuality and Suicide/depression, Rapid Assessment for Adolescent Preventive Services, Global school-based student health survey, de fácil aplicación en atención primaria y permiten realizar un adecuado abordaje y manejo de esta población. Palabras clave:Adolescente; comportamiento del adolescente; conductas de riesgo para la salud; prevalencia; factores protectores; evaluación de riesgo. (Fuente: DeCS, Bireme). AbstractIntroduction: Adolescents experience physical and psychosocial changes that make them vulnerable to multiple risk behaviors, highlighting the need to generate prevention policies. Objective: To identify main risk behaviors of adolescents and their prevalence, as well as the validated guides and scales for their detection. Materials and methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in different databases and official pages of main health organizations. 45 complete articles published in Spanish and English from 2013 to 2017 were selected. Results: Risk behaviors were grouped into five domains, identifying their prevalence and describing the validated guides and scales that exist for their detection. Conclusions: The identification of risk behaviors and early intervention in adolescents decrease their morbidity and mortality. It is recommended that health professionals use the best available screening tools such as Home/environment, Education/employment, peer Activities, Drugs, Sexuality and Suicide/depression (HEADDS); Rapid Assessment for Adolescent Preventive Services (RAAPS); and Global school-based student health survey (GSHS). These guides quickly and simultaneously assess multiple behaviors, are easily applied in primary care, and facilitate the approach and management of this population.

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Assessment and Treatment of Adolescent Substance Use Disorders

Cited by 10 publications

References 96 publications

A new generation of mTORC1 inhibitor attenuates alcohol intake and reward in mice

A new generation of mTORC1 inhibitor attenuates alcohol intake and reward in mice

Are trait impulsivity and exposure to cannabis or alcohol associated with the age of trajectory of cocaine use? A gender-specific dimensional analysis in humans with cocaine dependence diagnosis.

Comportamientos de riesgo para la salud en los adolescentes

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