Assessment and sources of nonaromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of three harbors in Santa Catarina State, Brazil

Oliveira, Cristiane Rossi de; Madureira, Luiz Augusto dos Santos

doi:10.1007/s10661-010-1373-z

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Comparing the values obtained in this study with those previously reported for the same area (between 7.1 and 9.4), 29 we can observe a larger input of terrestrial plants in the present study, mainly in the stations located in the river (stations 1-7). These results are consistent with the organic matter input from mangrove forest around the Itajaí-Açu River estuary and may also indicate the anthropogenic organic matter input due to the port activities.…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

“…The grain size distribution varied widely in the sampling stations, with the sand fraction ranging between 0.7 (station 3) and 99.6% (station 8) (Table 1), whereas in a previous study, with sediment samples collected in 2008, 29 it varied between 1.2 and 33.3%. However, the high percentage of sand was found in the stations located in the beach areas (Navegantes and Brava), which explain the difference to the previous study that only analyzed samples inside the estuary.…”

Section: Grain Size Distribution Toc and Toc/tnmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Conditions were based on previous studies. 29,33 PAH were individually identified by matching the retention time to the PAH standard mixture results and also through examination of the fragmentation profiles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23][24][25][26][27][28] There is limited information regarding the current distribution and sources of petroleum biomarkers in the sediments of the Itajaí-Açu estuarine system. 29 In fact, the absence of data related to South American estuaries in general is one of the motivations for this study. In addition, petroleum biomarkers in aquatic environments need to be identified in order to provide information regarding their anthropogenic impact on the environment, as well as to serve as a contamination load indicator.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 The TOC/TN ratio has been widely used to infer organic matter origin and sources, as different organism groups present different TOC and TN contents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution and Sources of Aliphatic and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Sediments of Itajaí-Açu Estuarine System in Brazil

Frena¹,

Bataglion²,

Sandini³

et al. 2016

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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The Itajaí-Açu estuarine system, located in southern Brazil, has great economic importance due to the presence of two ports (Itajaí and Navegantes). This system is affected by industrial and dredging activities, which can cause the remobilization of pollutants accumulated over time in the sediment. In this context, hydrocarbons were assessed in twelve surface sediment samples. n-Alkane and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) concentrations were determined by gas chromatography and their sources assessed. Total concentrations ranged between 0.50 ± 0.04 and 69.70 ± 3.90 µg g -1 dry weight (d.w.) for n-alkanes and from 63.9 ± 12.1 to 1459.0 ± 43.5 ng g -1 d.w. for PAH. Most of the sediment samples presented carbon preference index (CPI) values close to unity, indicating that the area is submitted to petroleum-related sources, mainly close to Itajaí harbor, where an intense unresolved complex mixture (UCM) was observed. The presence at all stations of aβ-hopane biomarkers also indicated petrogenic input. Based on selected PAH ratios, the sedimentary PAH composition reflects a mixture of both petrogenic and pyrolytic sources. A comparison of the PAH concentrations found in this study with those listed in the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) indicated that adverse biological effects on the biota are rarely expected.Keywords: aliphatic hydrocarbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, biomarker, hopane, contamination IntroductionContamination levels in coastal environments are increasing mainly due to the presence of anthropogenic activities, as waste industrial discharges, industrial activities, navigation traffic, etc.1 Therefore, sediment contamination in such areas may occur. In several countries, port activities are rapidly developing, requiring greater attention, especially in relation to the dredging of contaminated sediments and environmental management. 2,3The Itajaí-Açu estuarine system is located on the north-central coast of Santa Catarina state, in Brazil. This is an area of economic interest not only because of tourism, but also due to the presence of the Port of Itajaí, which is considered the third largest container handling port in Brazil, the major international trading point of the state, and the largest national fishing pole landing site. Associated with this latter activity, several fish processing industries are installed along the margins of this estuary, mainly in the city of Itajaí. These industries dispose their waste products, usually without any treatment, directly into the estuary. [4][5][6][7] In addition, the harbor area is constantly dredged, in order to maintain the navigation channel at an elevation of 11 meters. In May 2011, dredging began to deepen the main river channel, aiming to increase the depth from 11 to 14 meters, allowing the entrance of larger ships. Sediment dredging can cause remobilization of the pollutants accumulated in this compartment over time. 6 O r g a n i c c o m p o u n d s s u c h a s a l i p h a t i c hydrocarbons (AHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (P...

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supporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Grain Size Distribution Toc and Toc/tnmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 The TOC/TN ratio has been widely used to infer organic matter origin and sources, as different organism groups present different TOC and TN contents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Distribution and Sources of Aliphatic and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Sediments of Itajaí-Açu Estuarine System in Brazil

Frena¹,

Bataglion²,

Sandini³

et al. 2016

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Using variances in hydrocarbon concentration and carbon stable isotope to determine the important influence of irrigated water on petroleum accumulation in surface soil

Zhang

Wang

Yang

et al. 2012

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Hunpu is a wastewater-irrigated area southwest of Shenyang. To evaluate petroleum contamination and identify its sources at the area, the aliphatic hydrocarbons and compound-specific carbon stable isotopes of n-alkanes in the soil, irrigation water, and atmospheric deposition were analyzed. The analyses of hydrocarbon concentrations and geochemical characteristics reveal that the water is moderately contaminated by degraded heavy oil. According to the isotope analysis, inputs of modern C3 plants and degraded petroleum are present in the water, air, and soil. The similarities and dissimilarities among the water, air, and soil samples were determined by concentration, isotope, and multivariate statistical analyses. Hydrocarbons from various sources, as well as the water/atmospheric deposition samples, are more effectively differentiated through principal component analysis of carbon stable isotope ratios (δ(13)C) relative to hydrocarbon concentrations. Redundancy analysis indicates that 57.1 % of the variance in the δ(13)C of the soil can be explained by the δ(13)C of both the water and air, and 35.5 % of the variance in the hydrocarbon concentrations of the soil can be explained by hydrocarbon concentrations of both the water and the air. The δ(13)C in the atmospheric deposition accounts for 28.2 % of the δ(13)C variance in the soil, which is considerably higher than the variance in hydrocarbon concentrations of the soil explained by hydrocarbon concentrations of the atmospheric deposition (7.7 %). In contrast to δ(13)C analysis, the analysis of hydrocarbon concentrations underestimates the effect of petroleum contamination in the irrigated water and air on the surface soil. Overall, the irrigated water exerts a larger effect on the surface soil than does the atmospheric deposition.

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Multivariate curve resolution of organic pollution patterns in mangrove forest sediment from Qeshm Island and Khamir Port—Persian Gulf, Iran

Dadashi

Ghaffari

Bakhtiari

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Straight-chain alkanes (n-alkanes) have been proposed as biomarkers to assess petroleum pollution sources in marine environments. In this work, three sampling sites were selected along Iranian-protected mangrove forests in the Persian Gulf. Sample sites were chosen to represent different compositions and sources of n-alkanes in surface sediments (0-5 cm) from different locations in the Khamir Port, in the middle part of the Gulf, and in the Qeshm Island. Samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the obtained n-alkanes concentrations were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) to deduce their possible sources and distribution patterns. Results revealed that n-alkanes have a dominant biogenic source in marginal Qeshm Island stations, which changed from biogenic to petrogenic sources in the Khamir Port areas. Sediment samples from the Khamir Port showed the significant presence of oil pollution due to transportation. These samples are being exposed to basic Persian Gulf currents entering from the Hormuz Strait causing oil pollution spread over the entire Gulf area. Sediment samples of the Middle Part stations located between two other sites show a combined condition of the two previous sections, with petrogenic and biogenic contributions. The present study demonstrates that the Hara Protected Area was already contaminated by background oil pollution as a result of continuous oil spills and war conflicts in the Persian Gulf.Additionally, the MCR-ALS method is shown to be a powerful chemometric tool for the investigation, resolution, identification, and description of pollution patterns distributed over a particular geographical area and environmental compartment. They can be used as well as parameters like unresolved to resolved ratio (U/R), pristane to phytane (Pr/Ph), n-C/Pr, n-C/Ph, and unresolved complex mixture (UCM) to assess petroleum pollution sources in the sediments.

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Assessment and sources of nonaromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of three harbors in Santa Catarina State, Brazil

Cited by 19 publications

References 53 publications

Distribution and Sources of Aliphatic and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Sediments of Itajaí-Açu Estuarine System in Brazil

Distribution and Sources of Aliphatic and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Sediments of Itajaí-Açu Estuarine System in Brazil

Using variances in hydrocarbon concentration and carbon stable isotope to determine the important influence of irrigated water on petroleum accumulation in surface soil

Multivariate curve resolution of organic pollution patterns in mangrove forest sediment from Qeshm Island and Khamir Port—Persian Gulf, Iran

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