Assessment and mapping groundwater quality using hybrid PCA-WQI model: case of the Middle Miocene aquifer of Hajeb Layoun-Jelma basin (Central Tunisia)

Hajji, Soumaya; Ayed, Bachaer; Riahi, Ibtissem; Allouche, Nabila; Boughariou, Emna; Bouri, Salem

doi:10.1007/s12517-018-3924-5

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The dimension-reduction statistical technique has been operated for the case study of the shallow coastal aquifer of Sfax using the SPSS package (version 23). On the other hand, mapping was performed using GIS, which is widely used worldwide for diplaying several phenomenon taking place in aquifers [ 12 , 37 , 38 ]. By the way, the inverse distance weighted (IDW) and kriging interpolation are the most popular techniques used for mapping in the groundwater field.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This in turn increases the potential threat to the quantity and quality of groundwater [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Many previous studies based on multivariate analysis such as principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), and geo-statistics demonstrate that the variation of GW quality (GWQ) along the coastline is tightly controlled by both natural and anthropogenic factors: natural factors may be weathering, ion exchange, and rock–water interaction, while anthropogenic factors are represented by domestic, agricultural, and industrial activities [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers Using Multivariate Statistical Analyses and Hydrochemical Facies Evolution-Based Model

Hajji

Allouche

Bouri

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Groundwater (GW) studies have been conducted worldwide with regard to several pressures, including climate change, seawater intrusion, and water overexploitation. GW quality is a very important sector for several countries in the world, in particular for Tunisia. The shallow coastal aquifer of Sfax (located in Tunisia) was found to be under the combined conditions of continuous drop in GW and further deterioration of the groundwater quality (GWQ). This study was conducted to identify the processes that control GWQ mainly in relation to mineralization sources in the shallow Sfax coastal aquifer. To perform this task, 37 wells are considered. Data include 10 physico-chemical properties of groundwater analyzed in water samples: pH, EC, calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO4), bicarbonate (HCO3), and nitrate (NO3), i.e., investigation was based on a database of 370 observations. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hydrochemical facies evolution (HFE) were conducted to extract the main factors affecting GW chemistry. The results obtained using the PCA model show that GWQ is mainly controlled by either natural factors (rock–water interactions) or anthropogenic ones (agricultural and domestic activities). Indeed, the GW overexploitation generated not only the GWQ degradation but also the SWI. The inverse distance weighted (IDW) method, integrated in a geographic information system (GIS), is employed to achieve spatial mapping of seawater intrusion locations. Hydrochemical facies evolution (HFE) results corroborate the seawater intrusion and its spatial distribution. Furthermore, the mixing ratio showed that Jebeniana and Chaffar–Mahares localities are characterized by high SWI hazard. This research should be done to better manage GW resources and help to develop a suitable plan for the exploitation and protection of water resources.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers Using Multivariate Statistical Analyses and Hydrochemical Facies Evolution-Based Model

Hajji

Allouche

Bouri

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Based on previous works in the study area (Burollet 1956;Koschell 1980;El Ghali 1992;Zouaghi 2008;Saidi 2006;Azaiez 2011;Hajji et al 2013Hajji et al , 2018Sayem 2012;Khazri et al 2014;Jellalia et al 2015;Thebti et al 2018;Azaiez et al 2020), it was possible to better understand the geologic deep structuring of the basins and to describe the various configurations that might constitute hydrogeological reservoirs and hydrodynamism.…”

Section: Geological and Hydrogeological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeothermal potential assessment in a complex tectonic environment by geophysical and hydrogeochemical tools: a case of the geothermal province of Hajeb Layoun-Jilma-Oued Hjal basins (Central Tunisia)

et al. 2021

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This paper presents the results of extensive geological, geophysical, chemical, and geothermometry investigations on natural thermal and cold water discharging throughout the main geological domains of Hajeb Layoun-Jilma and Oued Hjal basins. These areas are known by the rise of two hydrothermal springs of Hammam Sidi Maamer S1, Chenama S2, and Ouled Farhane deep water well S3. Their distributions are strongly related to the main active tectonic structures. Composite geo-seismic model highlights the deep structuring of the Cretaceous and Miocene horizons and the fluid pathways from the recharge areas (Mghilla, Hmaiema, Nara outcrops) to discharge zones of Sidi Maamer (Baten Damous outcrop) and Chenama (Zaouia outcrop). Chemical features of cold and hot water are mainly controlled by water-rock interactions and the dissolution of evaporate and carbonate minerals leading to mixed Ca-Mg-SO 4 -Cl, Ca-Cl, and Na-Cl facies. Molar ratios of (Ca 2+ + Mg 2+ )/ (SO 4 2− + HCO 3 −) and chloro-alkaline indicators implied that ion exchange and reverse ion exchange influenced the hydrogeochemistry of groundwater sources. IIRG diagram reveals two significant aquifer types: one indicating the deep circulation of fluid from the limestone of the Aptian Orbata Formation reservoir and ascends to the surface through S1 and S2 along faults of Hajeb Layoun basin, whereas the second aquifer is characterized by sandstone levels; where water circulates through the late Miocene Saouaf Formation deposits to the surface also along faults of Oued Hjal basin. Silica geothermometers for S1 and S2 give the best results for reservoir temperatures varying from 70.43 to 83 °C and depths range from 1709 to 2153 m. For S3 deep hot water well, K-Mg geothermometer gives the most reasonable temperature estimation of 48 °C and depth up to 910 m. Giggenbach diagram reveals that water samples are not in an equilibrium state with the reservoir rocks.

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“…Groundwater chemistry is influenced or even governed by many factors including natural and anthropogenic ones [15,16]. Generally, the natural groundwater chemistry is determined by the hydrochemical components of recharge water, lithology of aquifers along the groundwater flow path, residence time, groundwater hydrodynamic, and evaporation [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical Features and Genesis of Confined Groundwater and Health Perspectives for Sustainable Development in Urban Hengshui, North China Plain

Xiao

Liu

Hao

et al. 2021

Journal of Chemistry

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Groundwater in confined aquifers is the preferred water resource worldwide, and its hydrochemical quality is the premise for sustainable development. A systematic hydrogeochemical research was conducted to get insight into the hydrochemical characteristics, genesis, and potential health threats of confined groundwater, based on analytical data of 45 groundwater samples collected from the urban area of Hengshui, Central North China Plain (NCP). The results showed most groundwater had desirable hydrochemical quality with a nearly neutral to slightly alkaline nature and dominantly soft-fresh Cl-Na face. Solute chemistry was governed by rock-water interaction including minerals dissolution and ion exchange, but out of the anthropogenic influences. All nitrogen pollutants and Zn were within the desirable limit, while F−, Mn, and Fe were beyond the desirable limit recommended by WHO in 28.9%, 15.6%, and 68.9% of samples. Overall chronic health risk from these toxic elements was identified in terms of various populations and mainly contributed by F−. Infants were more prone to the health risks of aqueous pollutants. Differential water supplies based on hydrochemical quality are recommended, and water improvement measures are suggested to be conducted aiming at the harmful fluoride in confined groundwater. The present research could provide valuable references for the health sustainability of confined groundwater utilization in sedimentary plains like NCP worldwide.

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Assessment and mapping groundwater quality using hybrid PCA-WQI model: case of the Middle Miocene aquifer of Hajeb Layoun-Jelma basin (Central Tunisia)

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Assessment of Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers Using Multivariate Statistical Analyses and Hydrochemical Facies Evolution-Based Model

Assessment of Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers Using Multivariate Statistical Analyses and Hydrochemical Facies Evolution-Based Model

Hydrogeothermal potential assessment in a complex tectonic environment by geophysical and hydrogeochemical tools: a case of the geothermal province of Hajeb Layoun-Jilma-Oued Hjal basins (Central Tunisia)

Hydrogeochemical Features and Genesis of Confined Groundwater and Health Perspectives for Sustainable Development in Urban Hengshui, North China Plain

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