“…Despite its importance, little empirical research on branding is directly relevant to the higher education sector (Watkins & Gonzenbach, 2013). The few empirical studies focus on branding policies (Hemsley-Brown & Goonawardana, 2007), brand personality (Watkins & Gonzenbach, 2013), corporate brand identity and management (Balmer, Liao, & Wang, 2010), and corporate brand identification (Balmer & Liao, 2007;Stephenson & Yerger, 2014). Other contributions have been more theoretical in nature, for example, discussing educational brand ecosystems (Pinar, Trapp, Girard, & Boyt, 2011), the emergence of brand identities (Lowrie, 2007), and the concept of successful education brands (Chapleo, 2005).…”