Assessing the toxicity of contaminated soils using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as test organism

Höss, Sebastian; Jänsch, Stephan; Moser, Thomas J.; Junker, Thomas; Römbke, Jörg

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.07.003

Cited by 80 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Nevertheless, a previous study on the toxicity of contaminated soils also showed that C. elegans was more sensitive to organic (mainly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) than to metal contamination [40]. A higher sensitivity to organic chemicals compared to metals could also partly be confirmed by studies on sediment spiked with single substances for C. elegans [41] and nematodes in general [42][43][44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Sediment contact tests as a tool for the assessment of sediment quality in German waters

Feiler

Höss

Ahlf

et al. 2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-A sediment contact test (SCT) battery consisting of five ecotoxicological test systems was applied to 21 native freshwater sediments characterized by a broad variety of geochemical properties and anthropogenic contamination. Higher plants (Myriophyllum aquaticum), nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans), oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus), zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio), and bacteria (Arthrobacter globiformis), representing various trophic levels and exposure pathways, were used as test organisms. The test battery detected sediment toxicity caused by anthropogenic pollution, whereas the various tests provided site-specific, nonredundant information to the overall toxicity assessment. Based on the toxicity pattern derived from the test battery, the sediments were classified according to a newly proposed classification system for sediment toxicity assessment. The SCT-derived classification generally agreed well with the application of consensus-based sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), especially with regard to sediments with high toxic potential. For sediments with low to medium toxic potential, the SQGs often underestimated the toxicity that was detected by the SCTs, underpinning the need for toxicity tests in sediment quality assessment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:144-155. # 2012 SETAC

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Sediment contact tests as a tool for the assessment of sediment quality in German waters

Feiler

Höss

Ahlf

et al. 2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…37 Even the core QDs caused consistent impact on fertility at the highest exposures (100 mg/L Cd). Also, growth abnormality is a common indicator of developmental and metabolic defects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Toxicity of Quantum Dots and Cadmium Salt to Caenorhabditis elegans after Multigenerational Exposure

Contreras

Cho

Zhu

et al. 2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

103

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To fully understand the biological and environmental impacts of nanomaterials requires studies which address both sub-lethal endpoints and multigenerational effects. Here we use a nematode to examine these issues as they relate to exposure to two different types of quantum dots, core (CdSe) and core-shell (CdSe/ZnS), and to compare the effect to those observed after cadmium salt exposures. The strong fluorescence of the core-shell QDs allowed for the direct visualization of the materials in the digestive track within a few hours of exposure. Multiple endpoints, including both developmental and locomotive, were examined at QD exposures of low (10 mg/L Cd), medium (50 mg/L Cd), and high concentrations (100 mg/L Cd). While the core-shell QDs showed no effect on fitness (lifespan, fertility, growth, and three parameters of motility behavior), the core QDs caused acute effects similar to those found for cadmium salts suggesting that biological effects may be attributed to cadmium leaching from the more soluble QDs. Over multiple generations, we commonly found that for lower life-cycle exposures to core QDs the parents response was generally a poor predictor of the effects on progeny. At the highest concentrations, however, biological effects found for the first generation were commonly similar in magnitude to those found in future generations.

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“…Here, C. elegans may be useful. Nematode tests have been used for metals and organic contaminants in soils [83][84][85][86], and although they have not yet been used extensively for testing of ENMs, data show that the tests do work with ENMs [87]. The tests are much shorter than the equivalent earthworm method (28 d for mortality, 56 d for reproduction in earthworms).…”

Section: Aging and Modifying Enms During Soil Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicity test methods for engineered nanomaterials: Practical experiences and recommendations from the bench

Handy

Cornelis

Fernandes

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

295

236

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Abstract-Ecotoxicology research is using many methods for engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), but the collective experience from researchers has not been documented. This paper reports the practical issues for working with ENMs and suggests nano-specific modifications to protocols. The review considers generic practical issues, as well as specific issues for aquatic tests, marine grazers, soil organisms, and bioaccumulation studies. Current procedures for cleaning glassware are adequate, but electrodes are problematic. The maintenance of exposure concentration is challenging, but can be achieved with some ENMs. The need to characterize the media during experiments is identified, but rapid analytical methods are not available to do this. The use of sonication and natural/synthetic dispersants are discussed. Nano-specific biological endpoints may be developed for a tiered monitoring scheme to diagnose ENM exposure or effect. A case study of the algal growth test highlights many small deviations in current regulatory test protocols that are allowed (shaking, lighting, mixing methods), but these should be standardized for ENMs. Invertebrate (Daphnia) tests should account for mechanical toxicity of ENMs. Fish tests should consider semistatic exposure to minimize wastewater and animal husbandry. The inclusion of a benthic test is recommended for the base set of ecotoxicity tests with ENMs. The sensitivity of soil tests needs to be increased for ENMs and shortened for logistics reasons; improvements include using Caenorhabditis elegans, aquatic media, and metabolism endpoints in the plant growth tests. The existing bioaccumulation tests are conceptually flawed and require considerable modification, or a new test, to work for ENMs. Overall, most methodologies need some amendments, and recommendations are made to assist researchers. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:15-31. # 2011 SETAC

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Assessing the toxicity of contaminated soils using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as test organism

Cited by 80 publications

References 29 publications

Sediment contact tests as a tool for the assessment of sediment quality in German waters

Sediment contact tests as a tool for the assessment of sediment quality in German waters

Toxicity of Quantum Dots and Cadmium Salt to Caenorhabditis elegans after Multigenerational Exposure

Ecotoxicity test methods for engineered nanomaterials: Practical experiences and recommendations from the bench

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