Assessing the potential for tertiary nitrification in sub-surface flow constructed wetlands

Butterworth, Eleanor; Richards, Andrew; Jones, Michael N.; Dotro, Gabriela; Jefferson, Bruce

doi:10.1080/21622515.2016.1188998

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The removal efficiency was ranged between 31.55% to 59.89% and 15.18% to 52.90% (Table 3 and Figure 1(c) and 1(d)). In the present research work, nitrogen removal was moderate which is in line with previous findings (Tyroller et al 2010;Butterworth et al 2013;Nivala et al 2013;Butterworth et al 2016). The lesser removal efficiency in HSSW CW may due to lack of oxygen availability, there was no sufficient nitrification, resulting in higher effluent concentration.…”

Section: Nitrogen Removalsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of HRT and seasons on the performance of pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland to treat rural wastewater

Shruthi¹,

Shivashankara

2021

Water Practice and Technology

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To find the effect of Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and seasons on the performance of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF CW) in treating rural wastewater, a pilot scale unit 2.5 m × 0.4 m × 0.3 m size bed planted with a Typha latifolia and Phragmites australis was operated for a 12-month duration. During the study 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days of HRT were maintained in winter, summer, and rainy seasons. The removal efficiency obtained was ranges from 62.09 to 87.23% for Chemical Oxygen Demand, 69.58% to 93.32% for Biochemical Oxygen Demand5 (BOD), 31.55% to 59.89% for Ammonia Nitrogen (NH4-N), 15.18% to 52.90% for Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), 21.02% to 50.21% for Phosphate Phosphorus (PO43− P), 19.82% to 48.23% for, Total phosphorus (TP), 74.93% to 93.10% for Faecal Coliform (FC) and 69.93% to 90.23% Total Coliform (TC). Overall, results showed that the performance of the unit was good. For statistical analysis two way ANOVA test followed by the Tukey test was used with a 95% level of significance. It was observed that the removal efficiency of the pollutants were increased with an increase in HRT. HRT of 6 days found as adequate for significant removal of organic matter (COD and BOD). Seasonal removal efficiencies followed the order of summer > rainy > winter for all the parameters, but the difference was not statistically significant.

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Section: Nitrogen Removalsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of HRT and seasons on the performance of pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland to treat rural wastewater

Shruthi¹,

Shivashankara

2021

Water Practice and Technology

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“…Nitrification is a key characteristic of vertical flow systems [23]. The influent showed an average NO 3 -N concentration of 1.5 ± 0.8 mg L -1 .…”

Section: Ph Do No 3 -N and Nh 4 -Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of filter media and hydraulic retention time on the performance of vertical constructed wetland system treating dairy farm wastewater

Minakshi

Sharma

Rani

2021

Environmental Engineering Research

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This study deals with the dairy wastewater treatment using laboratory scale vertical flow (VF) constructed wetlands with the <i>Canna indica</i> plantation over wetland beds due to phytoremediation capabilities. Three laboratory scale VF CWs (CW-A, CW-B and CW-C) each with an area of 0.135 m2 filled with gravel (CW-A: 20 mm; CW-B:10 mm gravel) and sand (CW-C) receiving 0.04 m3 d-1 dairy wastewater were operated for the wastewater purification. Each unit was operated at three hydraulic retention times (HRTs) i.e. 12 h, 24 h and 48 h for assessing its effect on wastewater purification . Among all units, removal rates fluctuated as: total suspended solids (TSS): 64.2–74.5%; biochemical oxygen demand (BOD): 45.3 – 63.1%; ammonium nitrogen (NH4–N): 29.6 – 56.5% and phosphate phosphorous (PO4–P): 20.5 – 57.8% at different HRTs. Increase in HRT showed better removal of pollutants in all CWs. Moreover, maximum removal of pollutants excluding TSS and NH4-N was achieved in CW-B at 48 h HRT. CW-B with similar HRT provided maximum removal of PO4-P (57.8%), BOD (63.1%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD): 67.4%. Increase in the size of filter media, from sand (0.25 mm) to 20 mm gravel resulted in higher removal of NH4 -N from wastewater.

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“…Whilst sludge DO in the field has not been measured, under these conditions, it is expected to remain aerobic and as such inhibit Fe and associated P release due to microbial use of Fe as TEA. Current aeration of HF wetlands is above the thresholds needed for ammonia removal targets, equivalent to activated sludge WWTPs requirements on a PE basis (Butterworth et al, 2016a), thus efforts are being made to provide better guidance to enable aeration savings in terms of both carbon emissions and financial costs (Butterworth, 2014). Based on the findings from the present study, ensuring DO saturation in the water is currently the preferred strategy for promoting oxygen penetration into the sludge layer.…”

Section: Phosphorus Release Risk Mitigation In Small Wastewater Treatment Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of concentrations gradients on phosphorus and iron dynamics from chemically-dosed horizontal flow wetlands for tertiary sewage treatment

Barak

Dotro

Jefferson

2019

Water Science and Technology

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This study examined the dynamics of iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) transformations from the surface sludge accumulated in tertiary horizontal flow (HF) treatment wetlands (TW) chemically dosed for P removal. Site surveys showed P was stored in HF TW with and without artificial aeration on average, with instances of P release in the non-aerated site. Controlled experiments revealed storing TW surface sludge for over 24 hours resulted in limited oxygen and nitrate concentrations, resulting in both P and Fe release. The rate of P release increased with increasing water-sludge P concentration gradients, and the reaction could take as little as 10 minutes. Convection had no impact on P transformation rates. The findings suggest mitigation strategies could include the manipulation of the biogeochemical environment by managing oxygen and nitrate concentrations within the wetlands. A better understanding of links between Fe, P, and nitrate is needed to test proactive mitigation strategies for small wastewater treatment plants.

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Assessing the potential for tertiary nitrification in sub-surface flow constructed wetlands

Cited by 11 publications

References 71 publications

Effect of HRT and seasons on the performance of pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland to treat rural wastewater

Effect of HRT and seasons on the performance of pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland to treat rural wastewater

Effect of filter media and hydraulic retention time on the performance of vertical constructed wetland system treating dairy farm wastewater

The role of concentrations gradients on phosphorus and iron dynamics from chemically-dosed horizontal flow wetlands for tertiary sewage treatment

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