Assessing the Input and Output Flows and Nutrients Balance Analysis at Catchment Level in Northern Ethiopia

Kiros, Gebremedhin; Haile, Mitiku; Gebresamuel, Girmay

doi:10.5897/jssem13.0398

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…To maintain a positive nutrient balance, nutrient inputs from chemical fertilizers are needed to replace nutrients which are exported and lost during cropping seasons. Otherwise, there would be negative nutrient balances due to the output nutrient is higher than the input nutrients (Gebremedhin et al, 2014) and it is depicted in Fig 5. Based on the full nutrient balances, N and K showed negative nutrient balances except P.…”

Section: Effects Of Inadequate Fertilizer Use On Soil Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Fertility Depletion and Its Management Options under Crop Production Perspectives in Ethiopia: A Review

Aleminew¹,

Alemayehu²

2020

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Soil is a non-renewable or finite resource and is the bank of nutrients for plant growth. Most soils in the tropical region including Ethiopia are highly weathered and infertile due to lower organic matter content and open nutrient cycling systems. These led to soil fertility depletion and crop productivity reduction in the country by different soil degradation agents. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to review soil fertility depletions and its management options under crop production perspectives in Ethiopia. The major drivers of soil fertility depletion are population pressure, land use pattern, free grazing of animals, lack of energy sources, land ownership and poor government policy problems. The major causes of soil fertility depletion are inadequate fertilizer use, complete removal of crop residues, continuous cropping systems, climate and soil types, lack of proper cropping systems and soil erosion and continuous cultivation. The promising technologies for improving soil fertility are integrated nutrient management, crop residue management, green manuring and cropping sequences, management of farmyard manure, applications of chemical fertilizers and soil amendments, agroforestry practices, applying conservation agriculture and application of soil-water conservation practices. Therefore, it needs a great attention by the community and the government to use innovative soil fertility management options to sustain soil fertility and crop productivity for the coming generations in the country forever enhancing nutrient input and recycling through following closed nutrient management systems in the cultivated lands.

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Section: Effects Of Inadequate Fertilizer Use On Soil Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It eventually decreases crop production by altering the dynamics of soil water and temperature regimes especially in tropical areas. Generally, harvested crops and crop residues removal are the major causes of nutrient depletion (Gebremedhin et al, 2014).…”

Section: Soil Fertility Depletion and Its Management Options Under Crmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Fertility Depletion and Its Management Options under Crop Production Perspectives in Ethiopia: A Review

Aleminew¹,

Alemayehu²

2020

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“…The higher depletion of K in the preceding one could be associated with continuous cultivation, total evacuation of crop residues from farmlands, absence of crop rotation, unequal fertilizer application, soil disintegration, misfortune of organic matter (OM) and insu cient fertilizer application (Laekemariam et al, 2018). Kiros et al (2014) also reported the losses of N, P and K via harvested crops (OUT1) at the catchment level were varied from 28.69-82.64 kg ha − 1 yr − 1 , 0.12-0.32 kg ha − 1 yr − 1 and 9.37-18.02 kg ha − 1 yr − 1 respectively across the different landscapes and socio-economic groups respectively. However, the three macro-nutrient losses through crop yield in the present study were very low compared to other studies (Kiros et al (2014).…”

Section: Nutrient Out Ow From the Catchmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil degradation in the form of nutrient depletion, is a major factor for the declining of agricultural production in Ethiopia (Wassie Haile et al, 2009). According to Gebremedhin Kiros et al (2014), many nutrient balance studies in Ethiopia reported negative value. In many studies, partial nutrient balance at land use level are negative for the teff based farming system in the central high lands of Ethiopia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Balance in Small Catchments of the Upland Areas of the Gumara River, Northwestern Ethiopia

Gezie,

Adgo,

Assaye

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Nutrient balance analysis provides essential information concerning the current nutrient status of the soils and used to take appropriate nutrient replenishment practices. Nutrient flows were analyzed in Enqulal watershed of Dera district, Northwestern Ethiopia in the cropping season of 2018. Direct measurement and empirical formulas were used to identifying and measuring major inputs and outputs of NPK from different land uses within the catchments. Four nutrient inputs (Mineral fertilizer, Organic fertilizer, Atmospheric deposition and Nitrogen fixation) and five nutrient outputs (Crop yield, Crop residue, Gaseous lose, Leaching and Soil erosion) leaving the catchment were directly measured to calculate the partial and full nutrient balances. The results indicated that with the exception of phosphorus, teff cropland had negative partial N and K balances. The results also showed that the partial nutrient balances in wheat cropland were observed positive only for nitrogen. The full nutrient balances for the major cropland (wheat and teff) were found to be -20.9 kg , -0.7 kg , -37.87 kg ha-1 yr-1 and -61.4 kg ,+11 kg, and -26.7 kg ha-1 yr-1of N, P and K respectively. Generally, negative N and K full balances were found in this study for all land use/land cover. Therefore, the negative nutrient balances observed in cultivated land and other land uses indicated nutrient depletion which leads to land degradation and reduced agricultural productivity. Finally, analysis of the overall finding on nutrient balance implies that there is a need to enhance nutrient management in order to improve productivity and agricultural sustainability.

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“…Ethiopia is one of the sub‐Saharan African countries with severe soil fertility depletion (Mesfin et al., 2020) because of its rugged topography and conventional and continuous low‐input farming practices (Haileslassie et al., 2005). Most Ethiopian studies found negative nutrient balances, mainly in croplands, from a district to national scale (Aticho et al., 2011; Haileslassie et al., 2007; Kiros et al., 2014; Stoorvogel & Smaling, 1990; Van Beek et al., 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining soil nutrient balances and stocks under different land use and management practices in contrasting agroecological environments

Mulualem,

Adgo,

Meshesha

et al. 2023

Soil Use and Management

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Agricultural sustainability and land degradation can be monitored through studying soil nutrient dynamics. This study was conducted to investigate the balance and stocks of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) under major land use types and land management (LM) practices in three contrasting agroecological environments in Ethiopia. We employed a nutrient monitoring approach and assessed soil N and P inputs and outputs at watershed and plot scales. Field data were collected from 72 sites representative of the major land uses of the three watersheds for the watershed scale analysis. In addition to the watershed data, 16 experimental runoff plots were established and the response of nutrient balances to improved LM practices for the major land uses, including cropland with three treatments (control, farmyard manure [FYM] and soil bund), grazing land with three treatments (control, exclosure and FYM + exclosure) and bushland with two treatments (control and exclosure). Nutrient balances, flows and stocks varied significantly among agroecological settings, land‐use types and LM practices. Severe and negative N balances were found in all agroecological environments, with midland (−70.8) > highland (−61.7) > lowland (−50.3 kg ha−1 yr−1), whereas slightly positive P balances were found in all agro‐ecosystems. As a result, the midland (4.2% yr−1) and highland (2.1% yr−1) sites had greater N depletion rates than the lowland site (1.0% yr−1). Our results also demonstrated that applied LM practices improved N balances: by 32%–40% in cropland through FYM and mineral fertilizer, by 7%–18% in grazing land via FYM and exclosure, and by 6%–36% in degraded bushland via exclosure, implying that, implementing FYM and mineral fertilizer for cropland and implementing FYM with exclosure on non‐croplands can reverse nutrient depletion in the study sites and in other areas having similar agroecological conditions.

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Assessing the Input and Output Flows and Nutrients Balance Analysis at Catchment Level in Northern Ethiopia

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Soil Fertility Depletion and Its Management Options under Crop Production Perspectives in Ethiopia: A Review

Soil Fertility Depletion and Its Management Options under Crop Production Perspectives in Ethiopia: A Review

Nutrient Balance in Small Catchments of the Upland Areas of the Gumara River, Northwestern Ethiopia

Examining soil nutrient balances and stocks under different land use and management practices in contrasting agroecological environments

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