Assessing the influence of harvesting intensities on structural diversity of forests in south-west Germany

Storch, Felix; Kändler, Gerald; Bauhus, Jürgen

doi:10.1186/s40663-019-0199-6

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Plant distribution information was obtained from the China Plants Database; spatial distribution data of mammals, amphibians, and reptiles were obtained from IUCN, and Colored Atlas of Chinese Amphibians and Their Distributions, supplemented with China’s Mammal Diversity and Geographical Distribution; bird spatial distribution data originated from Bird Life International; elevation and habitat vegetation types from China Plants Database, IUCN Red List, Bird Life International, and recent studies 23 . Elevation data came from the 90 m digital elevation model obtained in radar terrain detection mission of the NASA shuttle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of protection areas in safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystem services in Tibet Autonomous Region

Wang

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The Tibet Autonomous Region of China constitutes a unique and fragile ecosystem that is increasingly influenced by development and global climate change. To protect biodiversity and ecosystem services in Tibet, the Chinese government established a system of nature reserves at a significant cost; however, the effectiveness of nature reserves at protecting both—biodiversity and ecosystem service functions in Tibet is not clear. To determine the success of existing nature reserves, we determined importance areas for the conservation of mammal, plant, bird, amphibian, and reptile species, and for the protection of ecosystem service functions. The results indicated that important conservation areas for endangered plants were mainly distributed in the southern part of Nyingchi City, and for endangered animals, in the southern part of Nyingchi and Shannan Cities. Extremely important conservation areas for ecosystem service functions of carbon sequestration, water and soil protection, and flood regulation were mainly distributed in the southern part of Nyingchi and Shannan Cities, northern and southeastern parts of Nagqu City, and southern part of Ngari area. Based on an analysis of spatial overlap in protection areas, we conclude that existing natural reserves need to be expanded, and new ones need to be established to better protect biodiversity in Tibet Autonomous Region.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of protection areas in safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystem services in Tibet Autonomous Region

Wang

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…We calculated the variable “harvesting intensity” ( HI ) as the ratio of the number of trees removed per year relative to the stand density of the three tree species obtained from the historical forest management plans. To assure that past management effects are correctly captured, we also repeated our analyses (see section below) with harvesting intensity defined as the percentage of wood volume removed from the stands (Storch and others 2019 ). Values of stand density (trees per ha), stand volume (m 3 per ha), harvested trees, and harvested volume from each stand are provided for each species and site in Appendix S4.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Legacies of Climate and Management on Tree Growth

et al. 2021

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Legacies of past climate conditions and historical management govern forest productivity and tree growth. Understanding how these processes interact and the timescales over which they influence tree growth is critical to assess forest vulnerability to climate change. Yet, few studies address this issue, likely because integrated long-term records of both growth and forest management are uncommon. We applied the stochastic antecedent modelling (SAM) framework to annual tree-ring widths from mixed forests to recover the ecological memory of tree growth. We quantified the effects of antecedent temperature and precipitation up to 4 years preceding the year of ring formation and integrated management effects with records of harvesting intensity from historical forest management archives. The SAM approach uncovered important time periods most influential to growth, typically the warmer and drier months or seasons, but variation among species and sites emerged. Silver fir responded primarily to past climate conditions (25–50 months prior to the year of ring formation), while European beech and Scots pine responded mostly to climate conditions during the year of ring formation and the previous year, although these responses varied among sites. Past management and climate interacted in such a way that harvesting promoted growth in young silver fir under wet and warm conditions and in old European beech under drier and cooler conditions. Our study shows that the ecological memory associated with climate legacies and historical forest management is species-specific and context-dependent, suggesting that both aspects are needed to properly evaluate forest functioning under climate change.

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“…Annual precipitation and annual mean temperature range from 765 to 2141 mm and 5. 6-11.4°C, respectively (year 1991-2018Dietrich et al, 2019). The bedrock consists of gneiss and granite in the central, southern and western parts, sandstone in the northern part and limestone in the eastern part of the study region (State Office for Geology, Resources and Mining, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; maps.lgrb-bw.de; accessed 2023/2/16).…”

Section: Study Area and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies addressed the role of specific deadwood characteristics, such as tree species, diameter, or stage of decay on species richness and community composition of deadwood-inhabiting taxa Krah et al, 2018;Lachat et al, 2013;Lassauce et al, 2011). To our knowledge, only few studies combined different aspects of deadwood to calculate measures for deadwood heterogeneity and related that to fungal diversity (Abrego & Salcedo, 2013;Heidrich et al, 2020;Pasanen et al, 2019;Penttilä et al, 2004;Storch, 2018). These studies found either no pattern or positive heterogeneity-diversity relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi and deadwood diversity: A test of the area‐heterogeneity trade‐off hypothesis

Zibold,

Bässler,

Hauck

et al. 2024

Journal of Ecology

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Environmental heterogeneity is one of the most fundamental drivers of species diversity. For decades, ecologists have suggested that heterogeneity–diversity relationships are generally positive. But today, a greater variety of heterogeneity–diversity relationships is discussed. In this study, we contrasted two hypotheses for wood‐inhabiting fungi: The classical heterogeneity–diversity hypothesis, which predicts positive relationships due to an increase in niche dimensionality with increasing heterogeneity. And the more recently stated area‐heterogeneity trade‐off hypothesis, that predicts a unimodal pattern due to an inherent trade‐off between the number of occupied niches and the effective area per species. It allows positive and negative relationships only as special cases. We sampled 3715 deadwood objects on 135 plots along a forest structure gradient in the Black Forest, Germany, and recorded 284 wood‐inhabiting fungal species. To assess heterogeneity of deadwood structures, we calculated two multidimensional structural diversity indices: Structural richness was used as a measure of available niche space, and structural divergence as a measure of multivariate variance within that niche space. Those indices were then related to species richness estimates for rare, common and dominant species using the framework of Hill numbers. We found a linear, positive effect of structural richness and a unimodal effect for structural divergence on estimated species diversity. Structural richness, but not structural divergence, was strongly correlated with the number of sampled deadwood objects. No clear differences between the responses of rare, common and dominant species to the two heterogeneity gradients were found. We also estimated the mean abundance as a proxy for mean population size, which decreased significantly with structural richness but was non‐significantly related to structural divergence. Synthesis. In general, the results of this study suggest a unimodal heterogeneity–diversity relationship for deadwood‐inhabiting fungi and are thereby in line with the area‐heterogeneity trade‐off hypothesis. Thus, the negative effect of heterogeneity should lead to lower species richness and a higher risk of stochastic extinctions at high levels of heterogeneity. However, as deadwood amount and deadwood diversity are often strongly correlated, we argue that the positive effect of resource availability on species richness may mask the negative effect of structural heterogeneity in some cases.

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Assessing the influence of harvesting intensities on structural diversity of forests in south-west Germany

Cited by 9 publications

References 66 publications

Effectiveness of protection areas in safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystem services in Tibet Autonomous Region

Effectiveness of protection areas in safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystem services in Tibet Autonomous Region

Disentangling the Legacies of Climate and Management on Tree Growth

Fungi and deadwood diversity: A test of the area‐heterogeneity trade‐off hypothesis

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