Assessing the impacts of automated mobility-on-demand through agent-based simulation: A study of Singapore

Oh, Simon; Seshadri, Ravi; Azevedo, Carlos Lima; Kumar, Nishant; Basak, Kakali; Ben‐Akiva, Moshe

doi:10.1016/j.tra.2020.06.004

Cited by 47 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Connectivity and electrification are potentially viable financial cases in the medium term and can provide competitive advantages (Akter, Gunasekaran, Wamba, Babu, & Hani, 2020; Ji & Tal, 2020). The financial cases for mobility services and autonomous driving are long‐term, if existent (Genzlinger, Zejnilovic, & Bustinza, 2020; Oh, Seshadri, Azevedo, Kumar, et al, 2020). Recent developments confirmed incumbents' looser ties to potential long‐term business cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fun to drive? The dynamics of car manufacturers' differentiation strategies

Hoeft

2021

Strategic Change

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Car manufacturers attempt to differentiate through a combination of technological and nontechnological differentiators, motivated by varying degrees of sustainability and competitive advantage rationale across first movers and followers. This paper investigates how differentiation efforts disseminate from individual firms to industry‐wide engagements and why some firms decide to move first. The case of incumbent car manufacturers is used to shed light on how and why firms differentiate and how differentiation links to the sustainability transition of the industry. The research highlights that car manufacturers attempt to differentiate through a combination of technological and nontechnological differentiators, motivated by varying degrees of sustainability and competitive advantage rationale across first movers and followers. A first‐mover advantage is particularly evident in technological differentiators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fun to drive? The dynamics of car manufacturers' differentiation strategies

Hoeft

2021

Strategic Change

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“…Following this, the stop level generates the intermediate stops for each tour and specifies the details of each intermediate stop (including location, duration, and mode). The various levels in conjunction determine a detailed travel and activity pattern or schedule for everyone in the population [39].…”

Section: Mid-term Pre-day Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the matching of requests to vehicles, an insertion heuristic is used, which maintains a schedule for each vehicle and attempts to insert incoming requests into the existing schedules of nearby vehicles within a pre-specified search radius equal to 5 km, to ensure that waiting times and travel times of all passengers are within pre-defined thresholds (15 min for maximum wait/travel times). More details of the matching heuristic may be found in [39,41,42]. Minor modifications are made to the matching heuristic to model the cargo-hitching service.…”

Section: Mid-term Within-day and Supply Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synthetic population of Singapore for 2030 (6.7 million individuals) was generated using a Bayesian approach [43] based on socio-economic data, land-use data, and relevant control totals (see [29] for details on the population synthesis). The pre-day demand model for 2030 relies on a calibrated, activity-based model system for the year 2012 (that matches observed tour/stop generation rates, activity shares, and modes closely) estimated using household travel survey data [33,39]. This model was enhanced with the MOD modes by assuming a similar utility specification of taxis and by calibrating relevant alternative specific constants and scale parameters of the mode and mode-destination choice models against aggregate data on the usage of single-ride and shared-ride MOD modes [42].…”

Section: Application To Singaporementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Simulation-Based Evaluation of a Cargo-Hitching Service for E-Commerce Using Mobility-on-Demand Vehicles

Alho

Sakai

et al. 2021

Future Transportation

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Time-sensitive parcel deliveries—shipments requested for delivery in a day or less—are an increasingly important aspect of urban logistics. It is challenging to deal with these deliveries from a carrier perspective. These require additional planning constraints, preventing the efficient consolidation of deliveries that is possible when demand is well known in advance. Furthermore, such time-sensitive deliveries are requested to a wider spatial scope than retail centers, including homes and offices. Therefore, an increase in such deliveries is considered to exacerbate negative externalities, such as congestion and emissions. One of the solutions is to leverage spare capacity in passenger transport modes. This concept is often denominated as cargo hitching. While there are various system designs, it is crucial that such a solution does not deteriorate the quality of service of passenger trips. This research aims to evaluate the use of mobility-on-demand (MOD) services that perform same-day parcel deliveries. To test the MOD-based solutions, we utilize a high-resolution agent- and activity-based simulation platform of passenger and freight flows. E-commerce demand carrier data collected in Singapore are used to characterize simulated parcel delivery demand. We explore operational scenarios that aim to minimize the adverse effects of fulfilling deliveries with MOD service vehicles on passenger flows. Adverse effects are measured in fulfillment, wait, and travel times. A case study on Singapore indicates that the MOD services have potential to fulfill a considerable amount of parcel deliveries and decrease freight vehicle traffic and total vehicle kilometers travelled without compromising the quality of MOD for passenger travel. Insights into the operational performance of the cargo-hitching service are also provided.

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“…Alphabet Inc. subsidiary Waymo LLC is leading the field. In fall of 2018, the company reported over ten million autonomous miles covered on public roads and over ten billion in a virtual simulator (Oh et al , 2020). Waymo announced its AV taxi service offering in Phoenix, Arizona, in late 2018 (Hwang and Song, 2020).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing dynamic capabilities of incumbents in the face of unprecedented industry transformation: the case of the automotive industry

Hoeft

2021

JSMA

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a holistic approach to the assessment of dynamic capabilities (DCs). Holistic refers to incorporating all DCs of an organisation relevant for determining and executing the firm's strategy.Design/methodology/approachA two-phase study was conducted. First, secondary sources, such as media, industry and annual reports, are being used to initially assess CASE (connected, autonomous, shared and electric) and implications for incumbent car manufacturers in a structured way. Second, semi-structured interviews with automotive managers and further automotive stakeholders offer in-depth insights into CASE, as well as incumbents' strategies and the underlying rationale.FindingsThe proposed framework for assessing DCs offers a holistic approach and provides new angles of analysis. First, the time dimension is considered using scenarios since timing is vital in strategy and implementation. Second, capabilities are broken down into technological and non-technological, sharpening strategic decision-making of automakers. Third, the analysis considers external VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity) as they interplay with internal DCs.Research limitations/implicationsFurther testing of the proposed DC assessment approach offers a promising opportunity for future research. This paper focuses on the automotive industry, but it is worth investigating the extent to which the approach can be used in other dynamic industries, such as finance or retail.Originality/valueThe approach proposed highlights the importance and nuances of considering external perspectives in the DC assessment and the relevance of non-technological capabilities in the automotive industry. Thereby, it contributes to the literature on capability assessments and the operationalisability of the DC lens.

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Assessing the impacts of automated mobility-on-demand through agent-based simulation: A study of Singapore

Cited by 47 publications

References 36 publications

Fun to drive? The dynamics of car manufacturers' differentiation strategies

Fun to drive? The dynamics of car manufacturers' differentiation strategies

A Simulation-Based Evaluation of a Cargo-Hitching Service for E-Commerce Using Mobility-on-Demand Vehicles

Assessing dynamic capabilities of incumbents in the face of unprecedented industry transformation: the case of the automotive industry

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