Assessing the impact of extreme storms on barrier beaches along the Atlantic coastline: Application to the southern Rhode Island coast

Schambach, Lauren; Grilli, Annette R.; Grilli, Stéphan T.; Hashemi, M. Reza; King, John W.

doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2017.12.004

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…An earlier study (Schambach et al, 2018) showed that dune erosion is strongly restricted when the dunes are covered with vegetation. This was shown using a variable Manning friction coefficient n in XBeach, based on land cover.…”

Section: Mitigating Erosion On Natural Barrier Island With Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…To reduce structural damage due to flooding and wave overtopping, several mitigation scenarios were considered, such as rising the First Furnished Floor Elevations (e.g., U.S Corps of Engineer at selected RI South Shore Sites) or beach re-nourishment . Subsequently, more advanced 2D morphodynamic studies were performed to investigate the stability of the dune system and barrier islands and better quantify the risk faced by coastal communities when these natural features (NS) are eroded during extreme events (Schambach et al, 2018). Scenarios addressing the impact of land cover type confirmed the importance of vegetation in mitigating the impact of extreme storms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Land Use and Mitigation Effects on Barrier Beach Erosion in Storms: Case Study in Rhode Island

Naser¹,

Grilli²,

Grilli³

et al. 2018

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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Sea Level Rise (SLR) and storm intensification lead to re-evaluating inundation assessments along the North Atlantic US shoreline. A particular effort is devoted to assessing coastal community risk to â€œ100-year stormâ€ events in Rhode Island, US, using a chain of state-of-the-art storm surge, wave propagation, and coastal erosion 2D models. Damage risks imposed on infrastructures and services incited US federal and state agencies to come up with innovative engineering solutions to improve coastal resiliency while preserving natural coastal and marine environments. This study critically evaluates available design tools used to assess the performance of two types of Natural and Natural Based Features (NNBFs) for coastal protection: natural vegetated barrier islands and dunes reinforced with Geotextile Sand-filled Containers (GSCs), on urbanized barrier islands. Comparative analyses with field data identifies the capabilities and limitations of phase averaging and phase resolving hydro-morphodynamic models used for simulating bed level changes in dissipative beaches, during 3 Sallenger storm regimes. Recommendations are provided on modeling approaches for simulating effects of vegetation and using GSCs to limit coastal erosion.

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Section: Mitigating Erosion On Natural Barrier Island With Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Use and Mitigation Effects on Barrier Beach Erosion in Storms: Case Study in Rhode Island

Naser¹,

Grilli²,

Grilli³

et al. 2018

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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“…The resolution of the model was sufficiently high to allow predictions of dune evolution, overtopping, and the generation of surge channels. The application of XBeach to Charlestown is provided in Grilli et al [4] and Schambach et al [5]. They show validation of application of the model to hurricane Irene, 2011 based on pre and post storm transect analyses, sensitivity of the model application to initial shoreline configurations and to the presence and Each of the building blocks is described in more detail below.…”

Section: Surge and Waves (Bfe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of STORMTOOLS Coastal Environmental Risk Index (CERI) to Inform State and Local Planning and Decision Making along the Southern RI Shoreline

Spaulding

Grilli

Damon

et al. 2020

JMSE

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STORMTOOLS coastal environmental risk index (CERI) was applied to communities located along the southern coast of Rhode Island (RI) to determine the risk to structures located in the flood plain. CERI uses estimates of the base flood elevation (BFE), explicitly including the effects of sea level rise (SLR); details on the structure types, from the E911 emergency data base/parcel data, and associated first floor elevation (FFE); and damage curves from the US Army Corp of Engineers North Atlantic Coast Comprehensive Study (NACCS) to determine the damages to structures for the study area. Surge levels and associated offshore waves used to determine BFEs were obtained from the NACCS hydrodynamic and wave model predictions. The impacts of sea level rise and coastal erosion on flooding were modeled using XBeach and STWAVE and validated by observations at selected locations along the coastline. CERI estimated the structural damage to each structure in the coastal flood plain for 100 yr flooding with SLR ranging from 0 to 10 ft. The number of structures at risk was estimated to increase approximate linearly from 3700 for no SLR to about 8000 for 10 ft SLR, with about equal percentages for each of the four coastal communities (Narragansett, South Kingstown, Charlestown, and Westerly, Rhode Island (RI)). The majority of the structures in the flood plain are single/story residences without (41%) and with (46%) basements (total 87%; structures with basements are the most vulnerable). Less vulnerable are structures elevated on piles with 8.8% of the total. The remaining are commercial structures principally located either in the Port of Galilee and or Watch Hill. The analysis showed that about 20% of the structures in the 100 yr flood plain are estimated to be damaged at 50% or greater. This increases to 55% of structures as SLR rises to 5 ft. At higher SLR values the percent damaged at 50% or greater slowly declines to 45% at 10 ft SLR. This behavior is a result of the number of homes below MSL increasing dramatically as SLR values moves higher than 5 ft and thus being removed from the structures damaged pool. Generalized CERI risk maps have developed to allow the managers to determine the broad risk of siting structures at any location in their communities. CERI has recently become available as a mobile phone App, facilitating the ability of state and local decision makers and the public to determine the risk of locating a selected building type at any location in their communities.

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“…In these cases and for a local scale of analysis (hundreds of meters to few km), it might be convenient to implement a two-dimensional numerical model such as XBeach 2DH [29]. This model has already been used in several worldwide locations to assess the storm impact (flooding and erosion) on sandy beaches [31][32][33][34].Storm-induced risk assessment can be assessed with different tools ranging from the regional to the hotspot scale [35]. For instance, a fast scanning method based on simple formulations (CRAFT1) may identify hotspots at the regional scale (10-100 km).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal Flooding and Erosion under a Changing Climate: Implications at a Low-Lying Coast (Ebro Delta)

Grases

Gràcia

Garcı́a-León

et al. 2020

Water

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Episodic coastal hazards associated to sea storms are responsible for sudden and intense changes in coastal morphology. Climate change and local anthropogenic activities such as river regulation and urban growth are raising risk levels in coastal hotspots, like low-lying areas of river deltas. This urges to revise present management strategies to guarantee their future sustainability, demanding a detailed diagnostic of the hazard evolution. In this paper, flooding and erosion under current and future conditions have been assessed at local scale at the urban area of Riumar, a touristic enclave placed at the Ebro Delta (Spain). Process-based models have been used to address the interaction between beach morphology and storm waves, as well as the influence of coastal environment complexity. Storm waves have been propagated with SWAN wave model and have provided the forcings for XBeach, a 2DH hydro-morphodynamic model. Results show that future trends in sea level rise and wave forcing produce non-linear variations of the flooded area and the volume of mobilized sediment resulting from marine storms. In particular, the balance between flooding and sediment transport will shift depending on the relative sea level. Wave induced flooding and long-shore sand transport seem to be diminished in the future, whereas static sea level flooding and cross-shore sediment transport are exacerbated. Therefore, the characterization of tipping points in the coastal response can help to develop robust and adaptive plans to manage climate change impact in sandy wave dominated coasts with a low-lying hinterland and a complex shoreline morphology.

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Assessing the impact of extreme storms on barrier beaches along the Atlantic coastline: Application to the southern Rhode Island coast

Cited by 29 publications

References 58 publications

Land Use and Mitigation Effects on Barrier Beach Erosion in Storms: Case Study in Rhode Island

Land Use and Mitigation Effects on Barrier Beach Erosion in Storms: Case Study in Rhode Island

Application of STORMTOOLS Coastal Environmental Risk Index (CERI) to Inform State and Local Planning and Decision Making along the Southern RI Shoreline

Coastal Flooding and Erosion under a Changing Climate: Implications at a Low-Lying Coast (Ebro Delta)

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