Assessing the impact of aviation environmental policies on public health

Brunelle-Yeung, Elza; Maşek, Tudor; Rojo, Julien J.; Levy, Jonathan I.; Arunachalam, Saravanan; Miller, Sondra M.; Barrett, Steven R. H.; Kühn, Stephen; Waitz, Ian A.

doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2014.02.015

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The sustainability issues of air transportation have been widely studied, in particular with regard to climate change issues (e.g., Brunelle-Yeung et al 2014;Dessens et al 2014). Nevertheless, atmospheric emissions from aircraft are only one of the many environmental impacts of air transportation.…”

Section: The Institutional Pressures For Air Transport Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greening Remote SMEs: The Case of Small Regional Airports

Boiral¹,

Ebrahimi

Kuyken

et al. 2017

J Bus Ethics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this paper is to explore, through a qualitative study of small regional airports, how sustainability issues are taken into account in remote small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Based on 42 semi-structured interviews conducted with managers of small regional Canadian airports and experts in this area, this study shows the quasi-absence of specific measures for sustainability, despite the seriousness of environmental issues, which tend to be subordinated to economic priorities and operational activities. The paper contributes to the literature on sustainability in SMEs by focusing on passive organizations located in remote areas and the complex reasons underlying their lack or absence of environmental commitment. The paper sheds more light on the essential role of stakeholders in providing the resources and skills necessary for the development of sustainability initiatives in passive SMEs. The study's managerial contributions and implications for stakeholders are also discussed.

show abstract

Section: The Institutional Pressures For Air Transport Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greening Remote SMEs: The Case of Small Regional Airports

Boiral¹,

Ebrahimi

Kuyken

et al. 2017

J Bus Ethics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In order to calculate health impacts, PM2.5 sensitivities must be combined with geographically-distributed population densities using health impact functions. Previous work using subtractive and RSM methodology have attributed between one and three hundred premature mortalities per year from aviation LTO emissions [3,20,7]. However, these estimates describe the response of the model to domain-wide or aggregated for multiple airports, rather than airport-level emissions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of Sensitivity Coefficients for Individual Airport Emissions in the Continental U.S. using CMAQ-DDM/PM

Boone

Arunachalam

2014

Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a federally-regulated air pollutant with well-known impacts on human health. The FAA's Destination 2025 program seeks to decrease aviationrelated health impacts across the U.S. by 50% by the year 2018. Atmospheric models, such as the Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ), are used to estimate the atmospheric concentration of pollutants such as PM2.5. Sensitivity analysis of these models has long been limited to finite difference and regression-based methods, both of which require many computationally intensive model simulations to link changes in output with perturbations in input. Further, they are unable to offer detailed or ad hoc analysis for changes within a domain, such as changes in emissions on an airport-by-airport basis. In order to calculate the sensitivity of PM2.5 concentrations to emissions from individual airports, we utilize the Decoupled Direct Method in three dimensions (DDM-3D), an advanced sensitivity analysis tool recently implemented in CMAQ. DDM-3D allows calculation of sensitivity coefficients within a single simulation, eliminating the need for multiple model runs. However, while the output provides results for a variety of input perturbations in a single simulation, the processing time for each run is dramatically increased compared to simulations conducted without the DDM-3D module.Use of the XSEDE Stampede computing cluster allows us to calculate sensitivity coefficients for a large number of input parameters. This allows for a much wider variety of ad hoc aviation policy scenarios to be generated and evaluated than would be possible using other sensitivity analysis methods or smaller-scaled computing systems. We present a design of experiments to compute individual sensitivity coefficients for 139 major airports in the US, due to six different precursor emissions that form PM2.5 in the atmosphere. Simulations based on this design are currently in progress, with full results to be published at a later date.

show abstract

“…Others (Johnson et al, 2008;Cubison et al, 2005) utilize controlled mixing of humid and dry air to achieve the desired humidity. Some systems include water baths (Hennig et al, 2005;Weingartner et al, 2002), temperature-controlled cabinets (Cocker et al, 2001), and passive, insulated regions (Virkkula et al, 1999;Johnson et al, 2008).…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer for characterizing PM emissions in exhaust plumes from an aircraft engine burning conventional and alternative fuels

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In the last several decades, significant efforts have been directed toward better understanding the gaseous and particulate matter (PM) emissions from aircraft gas turbine engines. However, limited information is available on the hygroscopic properties of aircraft engine PM emissions which play an important role in the water absorption, airborne lifetime, obscuring effect, and detrimental health effects of these particles. This paper reports the description and detailed lab-based performance evaluation of a robust hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA) in terms of hygroscopic properties such as growth factor (GF) and the hygroscopicity parameter (κ). The HTDMA system was subsequently deployed during the Alternative Aviation Fuel EXperiment (AAFEX) II field campaign to measure the hygroscopic properties of aircraft engine PM emissions in the exhaust plumes from a CFM56-2C1 engine burning several types of fuels. The fuels used were conventional JP-8, tallow-based hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA), Fischer–Tropsch, a blend of HEFA and JP-8, and Fischer–Tropsch doped with tetrahydrothiophene (an organosulfur compound). It was observed that GF and κ increased with fuel sulfur content and engine thrust condition, and decreased with increasing dry particle diameter. The highest GF and κ values were found in the smallest particles, typically those with diameters of 10 nm.

show abstract

Assessing the impact of aviation environmental policies on public health

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Greening Remote SMEs: The Case of Small Regional Airports

Greening Remote SMEs: The Case of Small Regional Airports

Calculation of Sensitivity Coefficients for Individual Airport Emissions in the Continental U.S. using CMAQ-DDM/PM

Application of a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer for characterizing PM emissions in exhaust plumes from an aircraft engine burning conventional and alternative fuels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About