Assessing the impact of a joint human-porcine intervention package for Taenia solium control: Results of a pilot study from northern Lao PDR

Okello, Anna; Thomas, Lian F.; Inthavong, Phouth; Ash, Amanda; Khamlome, Boualam; Keokamphet, Chattouphone; Newberry, Kim M.; Gauci, Charles G.; Gabriël, Sarah; Dorny, Pierre; Thompson, RC Andrew; Lightowlers, Marshall W.; Allen, John

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.03.012

Cited by 33 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…We included 20 primary studies-reported across 33 articles-in the systematic review and excluded 221 (S3 File). For the 33 articles we identified 20 as the primary reference [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] and 13 as supporting references [13,14,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. A source for the full text of some studies (n = 90) could not be found for assessment; 78% of these were published before 1990.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three of these 10 studies also included selective chemotherapy of cases [34,35,39] and three tested MDA plus education [37,42,50]-with one of the intervention arms in the study by Steinmann et al also including construction of latrines [50]. One of the MDA interventions included education as well as vaccination and preventive chemotherapy in pigs [46]-thus the efficacy results cannot be attributed to the MDA but the outcomes related to side-effects, feasibility, and values and preferences can be used.…”

Section: Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infection rate with T. solium taeniasis. Nineteen of the primary studies measured the infection rate with T. solium taeniasis but one of these could not be used to measure efficacy of preventive chemotherapy because there was also an intervention in pigs [46]. Of the 18 studies used for this outcome, eight measured the reduction in prevalence between baseline and followup following MDA as the principal intervention [34,35,37,39,[48][49][50][51] (Table 1), of which two also measured the cure rate [49,51].…”

Section: Effects By Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review of the effectiveness of selected drugs for preventive chemotherapy for Taenia solium taeniasis

Haby

León²,

Luciañez

et al. 2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Preventive chemotherapy is a useful tool for the control of Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the scientific evidence concerning the effectiveness and safety of different drugs in preventive chemotherapy for T. solium taeniasis in endemic populations. Methods A systematic review was conducted of controlled and uncontrolled studies, assessing the efficacy and adverse effects (among other outcomes) of albendazole, niclosamide and/or praziquantel for preventive chemotherapy of T. solium taeniasis. A comprehensive search was conducted for published and unpublished studies. Two reviewers screened articles, completed the data extraction and assessment of risk of bias. A meta-analysis of cure rate and relative reduction in prevalence was performed. The protocol for this review was registered on the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), number CRD42018112533. Results We identified 3555 records, of which we included 20 primary studies reported across 33 articles. Meta-analyses of drug and dose showed that a single dose of praziquantel 10mg/kg, albendazole 400mg per day for three consecutive days, or niclosamide 2g, resulted in better cure rates for T. solium taeniasis (99.5%, 96.4% and 84.3%, respectively) than praziquantel 5mg/kg or single dose albendazole 400mg (89.0% and 52.0%, respectively). These findings

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects By Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review of the effectiveness of selected drugs for preventive chemotherapy for Taenia solium taeniasis

Haby

León²,

Luciañez

et al. 2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…A decrease in prevalence and incidence of porcine cysticercosis was observed, but the effect of the intervention on prevalence of taeniosis was uncertain. In Laos, Okello et al [41] showed a significant drop in taeniosis prevalence following two annual albendazole MDA campaigns, and one pig vaccination and treatment campaign. No information on the effect on porcine cysticercosis was provided.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CystiSim – An Agent-Based Model for Taenia solium Transmission and Control

et al. 2016

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Taenia solium taeniosis/cysticercosis was declared eradicable by the International Task Force for Disease Eradication in 1993, but remains a neglected zoonosis. To assist in the attempt to regionally eliminate this parasite, we developed cystiSim, an agent-based model for T. solium transmission and control. The model was developed in R and available as an R package (http://cran.r-project.org/package=cystiSim). cystiSim was adapted to an observed setting using field data from Tanzania, but adaptable to other settings if necessary. The model description adheres to the Overview, Design concepts, and Details (ODD) protocol and consists of two entities—pigs and humans. Pigs acquire cysticercosis through the environment or by direct contact with a tapeworm carrier's faeces. Humans acquire taeniosis from slaughtered pigs proportional to their infection intensity. The model allows for evaluation of three interventions measures or combinations hereof: treatment of humans, treatment of pigs, and pig vaccination, and allows for customary coverage and efficacy settings. cystiSim is the first agent-based transmission model for T. solium and suggests that control using a strategy consisting of an intervention only targeting the porcine host is possible, but that coverage and efficacy must be high if elimination is the ultimate goal. Good coverage of the intervention is important, but can be compensated for by including an additional intervention targeting the human host. cystiSim shows that the scenarios combining interventions in both hosts, mass drug administration to humans, and vaccination and treatment of pigs, have a high probability of success if coverage of 75% can be maintained over at least a four year period. In comparison with an existing mathematical model for T. solium transmission, cystiSim also includes parasite maturation, host immunity, and environmental contamination. Adding these biological parameters to the model resulted in new insights in the potential effect of intervention measures.

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“…The recently reported results indicated that human MDA (2 g nicolsamide, three rounds per annum) administered in combination with porcine vaccination (TSOL18) and anthelmintic treatment (oxfendazole 30 mg/kg) successfully eliminated T. solium from the porcine intermediate host in 105 of 107 intervention villages, with elimination sustained for at least 1 year post-intervention 123. Recently in southeast Asia, porcine vaccination (TSOL18) and anthelmintic treatment (oxfendazole 30 mg/kg) have been combined with a human MDA program (two rounds triple-dose albendazole 400 mg) in Lao PDR, where an initial rapid reduction in human taeniasis prevalence was sustained over the 2 years of the study 49,54…”

Section: Multi-host Interventions Via a One Health Approach To Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human taeniasis: current insights into prevention and management strategies in endemic countries

Okello¹,

Thomas²

2017

RMHP

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Human taeniasis is a zoonotic condition resulting from infection with the adult stages of Taenia saginata (“beef tapeworm”), Taenia solium (“pork tapeworm”) or Taenia asiatica (“Asian tapeworm”). Although these parasites have a worldwide distribution, the overwhelming burden is felt by communities in low- and middle-income countries. This is particularly true for T. solium, whereby infection of the central nervous system with the larval stage of the parasite (neurocysticercosis) is a major cause of acquired epilepsy in low-resource settings. With a focus on endemic countries, this review provides an insight into the prevention and management of human taeniasis, concluding with some recent case studies describing their implementation. Discussion of the opportunities and challenges regarding current fecal and serological diagnostic assays for detecting Taenia spp. highlights the importance of accurate and accessible diagnostic options for the field situation. The lack of long-term impact on the parasites’ lifecycle from human anthelmintic treatment, coupled with the propensity for adverse reactions, highlights the importance of a “two-pronged” approach that considers the relevant animal hosts, particularly in the case of T. solium. Aside from the therapeutic options, this review reiterates the importance of adequate assessment and consideration of the associated behavioral and policy aspects around sanitation, hygiene and meat inspection that have been shown to support parasite control, and potential elimination, in endemic regions.

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Assessing the impact of a joint human-porcine intervention package for Taenia solium control: Results of a pilot study from northern Lao PDR

Cited by 33 publications

References 20 publications

Systematic review of the effectiveness of selected drugs for preventive chemotherapy for Taenia solium taeniasis

Systematic review of the effectiveness of selected drugs for preventive chemotherapy for Taenia solium taeniasis

CystiSim – An Agent-Based Model for Taenia solium Transmission and Control

Human taeniasis: current insights into prevention and management strategies in endemic countries

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