Assessing the Genotoxicity of Chronic Environmental Irradiation by Using Mitochondrial Dna Heteroplasmy in the Bank Vole (Clethrionomys Glareolus) at Chornobyl, Ukraine

Wickliffe, Jeffrey K.; Chesser, Ronald K.; Rodgers, Brenda E.; Baker, Robert J.

doi:10.1897/1551-5028(2002)021<1249:atgoce>2.0.co;2

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…11. The micronuclear frequencies in laboratory mice ( Mus musculus ) increased significantly after a 10‐day stay in the “Red Forest” (10‐km zone) for the BALB/c line and after 30 days for the C57BL/6 line (Wickliffe et al , 2002).…”

Section: Chernobyl's Radioactive Impact On Faunamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter III. Consequences of the Chernobyl Catastrophe for the Environment

Yablokov

Nesterenko²,

Nesterenko³

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

134

163

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Plants and mushrooms accumulate the Chernobyl radionuclides at a level that depends upon the soil, the climate, the particular biosphere, the season, spotty radioactive contamination, and the particular species and populations (subspecies, cultivars), etc. Each radionuclide has its own accumulation characteristics (e. g., levels of accumulation for Sr-90 are much higher than for Cs-137, and a thousand times less than that for Ce-144). Coefficients of accumulation and transition ratios vary so much in time and space that it is difficult, if not impossible, to predict the actual levels of Cs-137, Sr-90, Pu-238, Pu-239, Pu-240, and Am-241 at each place and time and for each individual plant or fungus. Chernobyl irradiation has caused structural anomalies and tumorlike changes in many plant species. Unique pathologic complexes are seen in the Chernobyl zone, such as a high percentage of anomalous pollen grains and spores. Chernobyl's irradiation has led to genetic disorders, sometimes continuing for many years, and it appears that it has awakened genes that have been silent over a long evolutionary time.

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Section: Chernobyl's Radioactive Impact On Faunamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter III. Consequences of the Chernobyl Catastrophe for the Environment

Yablokov

Nesterenko²,

Nesterenko³

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

134

163

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“…The micronuclear frequencies in laboratory mice (Mus musculus) increased significantly after a 10-day stay in the "Red Forest" (10-km zone) for the BALB/c line and after 30 days for the C57BL/6 line (Wickliffe et al, 2002).…”

Section: Genetic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

10. Chernobyl's Radioactive Impact on Fauna

Yablokov

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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The radioactive shock when the Chernobyl reactor exploded in 1986 combined with chronic low-dose contamination has resulted in morphologic, physiologic, and genetic disorders in every animal species that has been studied--mammals, birds, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates. These populations exhibit a wide variety of morphological deformities not found in other populations. Despite reports of a "healthy" environment in proximity to Chernobyl for rare species of birds and mammals, the presence of such wildlife is likely the result of immigration and not from locally sustained populations. Twenty-three years after the catastrophe levels of incorporated radionuclides remain dangerously high for mammals, birds, amphibians, and fish in some areas of Europe. Mutation rates in animal populations in contaminated territories are significantly higher and there is transgenerational genomic instability in animal populations, manifested in adverse cellular and systemic effects. Long-term observations of both wild and experimental animal populations in the heavily contaminated areas show significant increases in morbidity and mortality that bear a striking resemblance to changes in the health of humans--increased occurrence of tumor and immunodeficiencies, decreased life expectancy, early aging, changes in blood and the circulatory system, malformations, and other factors that compromise health.

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“…The bank vole ( Clethrionomys glareolus ) was selected as the model system for the present study both because of its high body burden of radioactivity and because it likely has completed more than 30 generations in the most radioactive regions of Chernobyl [12]. Previous studies have used a variety of end points to assess levels of genetic damage in bank voles environmentally exposed to chronic radiation [20–22]. Of particular interest are three longitudinal genetic studies, conducted from 1995 to 2001 at Chernobyl, examining variation in the hypervariable portion of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region [23–25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial control region variation in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) is not related to Chernobyl radiation exposure

Meeks

Wickliffe

Hoofer

et al. 2007

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Three previous studies at Chernobyl, Ukraine, documented elevated mitochondrial DNA diversity in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) from radioactively contaminated sites. Little evidence was found to link patterns of diversity in contaminated areas to radiation exposure, but the experimental design precluded discriminating among alternative explanations for elevated diversity in exposed groups. Reference sites selected for the studies were relatively distant from contaminated sites and, additionally, were separated from contaminated sites by large river systems; thus, we hypothesized that differences among sites were correlated with geographic isolation rather than with radiation exposure. For the present study, we added three reference sites, which were selected based on minimal radioactive contamination, proximity to contaminated sites, and absence of obvious barriers to dispersal. We hypothesized that neighboring reference sites should exhibit levels and patterns of diversity similar to those of contaminated sites if the previously detected differences were, in fact, caused by geographic isolation. Indeed, levels of diversity in nearby reference sites are comparable to levels in contaminated sites. Additionally, nearby reference sites contain several haplotypes not observed at other study sites. Our results suggest that levels of diversity in contaminated regions are more plausibly explained by ecological and historical factors than by increased mutational pressure resulting from exposure to Chernobyl radiation.

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Assessing the Genotoxicity of Chronic Environmental Irradiation by Using Mitochondrial Dna Heteroplasmy in the Bank Vole (Clethrionomys Glareolus) at Chornobyl, Ukraine

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Chapter III. Consequences of the Chernobyl Catastrophe for the Environment

Chapter III. Consequences of the Chernobyl Catastrophe for the Environment

10. Chernobyl's Radioactive Impact on Fauna

Mitochondrial control region variation in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) is not related to Chernobyl radiation exposure

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