Assessing the environmental burdens of anaerobic digestion in comparison to alternative options for managing the biodegradable fraction of municipal solid wastes

Haight, Murray

doi:10.2166/wst.2005.0566

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Cellulose biodegradation by cellulases and cellulosomes, produced by numerous microorganisms, represents the major carbon flow from fixed carbon sinks to atmospheric CO 2 , and is very important in several agricultural and waste treatment processes (Haight 2005). In anaerobic environments, which are rich in decaying plant material, decomposition of cellulose is brought about by complex communities of interacting microorganisms (Odum and Heald 1972).…”

Section: Cellulose-degrading Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity and biotechnological potential of microorganisms from mangrove ecosystems: a review

Thatoi

Behera

Mishra³

et al. 2012

Ann Microbiol

254

156

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Mangrove forests occurring at the interface of terrestrial and marine ecosystems represent a rich biological diversity of plants, animals and microorganisms. Microbes, being an important component of the mangrove environment, not only play a very critical role in creating and maintaining this biosphere but also serve as a source of biotechnologically valuable and important products. By participating in various steps of decomposition and mineralization of leaf litter, microbes make an essential contribution to the productivity of the mangrove ecosystem. They able to recycle nutrients, produce and consume gases that affect global climate, destroy pollutants, treat anthropogenic wastes and can also be used for biological control of plant and animal pests. Microorganisms from mangrove environments are a major source of antimicrobial agents and also produce a wide range of important medicinal compounds, including enzymes, antitumor agents, insecticides, vitamins, immunosuppressants, and immune modulators. However, the phylogenetic and functional description of microbial diversity in mangrove ecosystems has not been addressed to the same extent as for other environments. Even though the mangrove ecosystem is very rich in microbial diversity, less than 5% of species have been described; in many cases neither their ecological role nor their application potential is known. Recently developed technologies in molecular biology and genetics offer great promise to explore the potential of microbial diversity. Hence, the present paper makes an attempt to review the microbial diversity in mangrove ecosystems and explore their potential applications in various fields such as agriculture, pharmaceutical, industrial, environmental and medical sciences.

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Section: Cellulose-degrading Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity and biotechnological potential of microorganisms from mangrove ecosystems: a review

Thatoi

Behera

Mishra³

et al. 2012

Ann Microbiol

254

156

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“…Comparing the two industrial composting represnetations, higher water and electrical energy consumption but lower diesel inputs were found for the in-vessel than windrow composting process, confirming previous studies (Cadena et al, 2009). However, the total energy data recorded in the WRATE model was lower than the energy requirements reported in previous studies, where energy consumption fell into the range of 35-95 kWh electricity and 2 -3.6 L diesel /tBFMSW for in-vessel composting and 21 -65 kWh electricity and approx 9 L diesel/tBFMSW for windrow composting (Haight, 2004, Murphy and Power, 2006, Cadena et al, 2009. This difference could be attributable to the different efficiency as well as the technology modelled.…”

mentioning

confidence: 66%

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Light-Weight Eco-composites

Guo¹

2012

Springer Theses

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LCA of Light-weight Eco-composites Statement of originality 2 Statement of originalityI hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person.Contributions made to the research of this thesis by others, with whom I have worked with are explicitly acknowledged. I also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work, except to the extent that assistance from others with data collection and modification of process-oriented model DNDC is acknowledged. Miao GuoSep 2010 LCA of Light-weight Eco-compositesAbstract 3 AbstractThe environmental profiles of novel wheat based foam materials were investigated in this thesis using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methods. The LCAs were developed using primary data collected from industrial sources combined with new laboratory experiments supplemented with secondary data from publicly available sources.Laboratory research was conducted to obtain important missing data on WBFs for the LCA modelling, including physico-chemical parameters, biodegradability and energy recovery under anaerobic digestion conditions.Contribution analysis suggested that the emissions evolved from the wheat agroecosystem and PVOH production, together with the energy and infrastructure involved in WBF production were the major contributors to the environmental burdens of the WBF life cycle in most impact categories. The atmospheric emissions resulting from WBF degradation at the end-of-life also emerged as another important contributor to environmental impact. Amongst the diverse ‗end-of-life' scenarios examined, AD and home composting were suggested to be the optimum choices for WBF waste treatment. This research discusses two N 2 O modelling approaches and presents a method to expand the system boundary by integrating the process-oriented model DNDC for field emissions into the LCA. Sensitivity analysis suggests that the environmental profiles of agricultural products are influenced substantially by the system boundary definition. LCA of Light-weight Eco-compositesAbstract 4 Furthermore, it suggests that the ‗general rule' in LCA practice by applying an empirical model or a default emission factor (EF) could deliver unreliable LCA findings.This study also evaluated the sensitivity of the LCA results to methodology and data variations and quantified the uncertainties in the LCA outcomes arising from uncertainty in the inventory and data variability. This has led to an increase in confidence in the LCA findings. At the same time it indicates the areas where improvements in data or methods are needed in order for robust conclusions to be drawn and unbiased information to be delivered e.g. the methodological rigidity of characterization models, the IPCC Tier 1 EF uncertainty range. LCA of Light-weight Eco-compositesAcknowledgements 5

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“…The technology also has the potential to reduce GHG emissions. Compared to landfilling without energy recovery and conventional manure storage techniques, AD results in fewer emissions of CH4 (whose global warming potential is 23 times that of CO 2 ) and other GHGs (Bracmort 2010, [5]; Haight 2005, [6]; Steinfeld 2006, [7]). Economically, AD decentralizes the energy supply and can increase rural employment and development (Holm-Nielsen 2009, [8]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policy incentives and adoption of agricultural anaerobic digestion: A survey of Europe and the United States

2016

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a b s t r a c tDespite extensive and widespread knowledge of the advantages of agricultural anaerobic digestion (AD), adoption of the technology has not been uniform across the globe. What explains this uneven adoption across countries? Policy and empirical evidence from five case study countries e Germany, Denmark, Netherlands, Austria and the United States e indicate that rather than comparative technological advantage or abundance in feedstock availability, differences in adoption was the outcome of differences in policy incentives, notably the feed-in tariff, a finding that offers empirical support to the threshold model of adoption. The stable financial support of a feed-in tariff provided to investors in agricultural AD, particularly in Germany, led to wide adoption. The evidence also suggests that differences in the enactment of the feed-in tariff was influenced by energy security concerns for policy leaders, but by learning-by-doing in terms of policy implementation and lower operating costs for policy followers.

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Assessing the environmental burdens of anaerobic digestion in comparison to alternative options for managing the biodegradable fraction of municipal solid wastes

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Biodiversity and biotechnological potential of microorganisms from mangrove ecosystems: a review

Biodiversity and biotechnological potential of microorganisms from mangrove ecosystems: a review

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Light-Weight Eco-composites

Policy incentives and adoption of agricultural anaerobic digestion: A survey of Europe and the United States

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