Assessing the Efficacy of the 3R (Reframe, Reprioritize, and Reform) Communication Model to Increase HPV Vaccinations Acceptance in Ghana: Community-Based Intervention

Abstract

The study examined whether the 3R (reframe, prioritize, and reform) communication model intervention can impact parents’ and adolescents’ HPV vaccination acceptability. We used face-to-face methods to recruit participants from three local churches in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Participants completed pre- and post-intervention assessments based on the validated Theory of Planned Behavior survey. We organized two face-to-face presentations for parents and adolescents separately for parents (n = 85) and adolescents (n = 85). Participants’ post-intervention vs. pre-intervention scores for attitude (mean = 35.46 ± SD = 5.46 vs. mean = 23.42 ± SD = 8.63), knowledge (M = 28.48 ± SD = 5.14 vs. M = 16.56 ± SD = 7.19), confidence (M = 8.96 ± SD = 3.43 vs. M = 6.17 ± SD = 2.84), and intention for vaccine acceptance (M = 4.73 ± SD = 1.78 vs. M = 3.29 ± SD = 1.87) increased significantly (p < 0.001). The intervention showed that for every one-unit increase in the participants’ self-confidence and attitude scores, the odds of the HPV vaccination acceptability increased by 22% (95% CI: 10–36) and 6% (95% CI: 0.1–12), respectively. Intention for vaccine acceptance, F (1167) = 6.89, and attitude toward vaccination, F (1167) = 19.87, were significantly higher among parents than adolescents (p < 0.001), after controlling for the baseline scores. These findings suggest that the intervention targeting parents’ and adolescents’ attitudes and knowledge has the potential to increase HPV vaccination acceptance in Ghana.

Public health partnerships with faith-based organizations to support vaccination uptake among minoritized communities: A scoping review

“…A total of 37 initiatives reported positive quantitative intervention outcomes (22.2%). These included 12 quasi-experimental community trials [ 53 , 62 , 63 , 69 , 71 , 73 , 91 , 96 , 113 , 153 , 163 , 164 ], 12 surveys [ 31 , 57 , 88 , 105 , 119 , 122 , 131 , 137 , 158 , 165 – 167 ], 5 randomized controlled trials [ 46 , 66 , 79 , 124 , 168 ], 5 case studies [ 19 , 110 , 125 , 169 , 170 ], 2 mixed methods studies [ 43 , 52 ], and one program evaluation [ 171 ]. A total of 42 initiatives reported number of participants reached and 26 reported number of vaccines administered (See Table 5 ).…”

Intervention to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening Behavior among Medically Underserved Women: Effectiveness of 3R Communication Model

“…3R Communication model. The 3R model is based on a communication framework that seeks to reframe health information, reprioritize the information, and reform behavior about health information [44,45]. The 3R communication model provides a framework to simplify and structure cervical cancer screening messages.…”

“…Reforming focuses on helping individuals to develop a positive attitude toward the behavior (i.e., screening) as well as demystifying misconceptions about the health behavior (i.e., self-sampling). The 3R model messages have been shown to be effective in overcoming stigma and religious objections associated with mammogram usage [44] and intention for HPV vaccination acceptance [45].…”

“…Basic information about HPV, HPVrelated cancers, and the disease health implications was presented to the participants. The reframe emphasized the costs of failing to screen (i.e., a loss-framed appeal) vs. the benefits of screening (i.e., a gain-framed appeal) [44,45]. Additionally, we reframed that screening is a mechanism for early detection of cancer risk as opposed to late diagnosis of cancer.…”