Assessing the efficacy of controlled atmosphere temperature treatment system (CATTS) against codling moth inside harvested apples

Abstract

The controlled atmosphere temperature treatment system (CATTS) was assessed as a disinfestation tool to control codling moth (CM; Cydia pomonella) larvae inside apples. Codling moth mortality and apple quality were assessed after exposure to one of 10 treatments, which were combinations of five variables, namely, O 2 concentration (air 20.9%, 1, 2 or 3%); CO 2 concentrations (air 0.04% or 15%); 12 or 24°C/h ramp rate up to 46°C; air speed 1.3 m/s; and either 2.5-or 3-h treatment time. CATTS treatments resulted in higher CM mortality than equivalent hot air treatments. The treatments involving 1 or 2% O 2 combined with 15% CO 2 and a ramp of 12°C/h or 24°C/h to 46°C, with a total treatment time of 3 h or 2.5 h and a 1.3 m/s air speed resulted in 100% mortality of CM. However, all CATTS and hot air treatments compromised apple quality. High CM mortality can be achieved using CATTS, but refinement of the protocol is needed to improve fruit quality outcomes.

Effect of various heat treatments to target apple leafcurling midge (Dasineura mali) cocoons on apples

“…This trial assessed a single CATTS protocol/treatment time, and it is unknown if changes to the treatment parameters would lead to greater ALCM control. The CATTS conditions tested here provided complete control of codling moth when tested; however, fruit quality was compromised (Jamieson et al 2018). In Washington State, USA, fruit quality was not severely compromised after the same treatment (Neven et al 2001).…”

“…Although no treatment trialled in this study resulted in complete removal or mortality of cocooned ALCM, hot air and CATTS treatments showed promise, with these treatments resulting in 82-93% mortality; however, further refinments of the CATTS parameters are required to maintain fruit quality (Jamieson et al 2018).…”