Assessing the Effects of Sample Size on Parametrizing a Taper Curve Equation and the Resultant Stem-Volume Estimates

Saarinen, Ninni; Kankare, Ville; Pyörälä, Jiri; Yrttimaa, Tuomas; Liang, Xinlian; Wulder, Michael A.; Holopainen, Markus; Hyyppä, Juha; Vastaranta, Mikko

doi:10.3390/f10100848

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This is also demonstrated by the fact that equation 7 has the minimum RMSE, MD, and MAD values. According to Maltamo et al (2019) and Saarinen et al (2019), the best model can be identified by its lowest RMSE. The findings of this study corroborate Islam & Ullah (2017) assertion that equation 7 is the optimal model for estimating volume based on tree diameter and height.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selection of the best model is carried out by calculating the value of the coefficient of determination (R 2 ), coefficient of determination adjust (R 2 adj. ), t-test, root means square error (RMSE), mean deviation (MD), and mean absolute deviation (MAD) (Xia et al, 2013;Gonzalez-Benecke et al, 2014;Lee et al, 2017;Cañadas-López et al, 2019;Hernández et al, 2019;Maltamo et al, 2019;Saarinen et al, 2019;Brūmelis et al, 2020;Marzulli et al, 2020;Socha et al, 2020). This value is calculated as follows, using equations 10 to 15:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stem volume equation for constructing local volume table of Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese in Tana Toraja community forest

Patabang

Hardjanto²

2021

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Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese is a plant with high market and economic values due to providing a variety of products, including wood. Good management is needed to preserve pine forest products. The first step toward effective forest management is developing a management plan based on estimated stock data. The volume table used has a significant impact on the accuracy of the stock potential estimate. This study aims to determine the best equation model for compiling a local volume table for P. merkusii Jungh et de Vriese in Tana Toraja Regency. The research was conducted at the community pine forest in Gandang Batu Sillanan and Mengkendek districts, Toraja Regency. The number of sample measured was 100 trees. An analytical method was used to calculate the amount of tree volume on allometric equations. The equation for the stem volume was made using the allometric equation. The research results showed that diameters' mean, standard deviation, and sampling error values were 28.34 cm, 7.39 cm, and 1.45, respectively, heights were 23.77 m, 7.37 m, and 1.44; volume was 1.44 m3, 0.96 m3, and 0.19. The regression equation modelling showed that the best equation model for estimating volume P. merkusii Jungh et de Vriese based on height and diameter was 𝑉=𝑎𝐷2𝐻.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem volume equation for constructing local volume table of Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese in Tana Toraja community forest

Patabang

Hardjanto²

2021

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“…Data should be obtained from a carefully selected sample of trees that represents the variability of wood properties in the area (or population) of interest. For example, an analysis by Saarinen et al (2019) showed that a relatively small sample of representative individuals is enough to reparameterize an empirical stem taper function for a well-defined population.…”

Section: Applications In the Modeling Of Wood Properties And Wood Quamentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing wood properties in standing timber with laser scanning

Pyörälä¹

2020

Diss. For.

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Managed forests play crucial roles in ongoing climatic and environmental changes. Among other things, wood is capable of sinking and storing carbon in both standing timber and wood products. To promote these positive effects, more precise planning is required that will ensure sustainable forest management and maximal deposition of harvested wood for long-term applications. Information on wood properties plays a key role; i.e. the wood properties can impact the carbon stocks in forests and the suitability of wood for structural timber. With respect to the theoretical background of wood formation, stem, crown, and branching constitute potential inputs (i.e. wood quality indicators) to allometric wood property, tree biomass, and wood quality models. Due to the complex nature of wood formation, measurements of wood quality indicators that could predict wood properties along the relevant directions of variation have previously been elusive in forest inventories. However, developments in laser scanning from aerial and terrestrial platforms support more complex mapping and modeling regimes based on dense three-dimensional point clouds. The aim here was to determine how wood properties could be estimated in remotesensing-aided forest inventories. For this purpose, methods for characterizing select wood quality indicators in standing timber, using airborne and terrestrial laser scanning (ALS and TLS, respectively) were developed and evaluated in managed boreal Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests. Firstly, the accuracies of wood quality indicators resolved from TLS point clouds were assessed. Secondly, the results were compared with x-ray tomographic references from sawmills. Thirdly, the accuracies of tree-specific crown features delineated from the ALS data in predictive modeling of the wood quality indicators were evaluated. The results showed that the quality and density of point clouds significantly impacted the accuracies of the extracted wood quality indicators. In the assessment of wood properties, TLS should be considered as a tool for retrieving as dense stem and branching data as possible from carefully selected sample trees. Accurately retrieved morphological data could be applied to allometric wood property models. The models should use tree traits predictable with aerial remote sensing (e.g. tree height, crown dimensions) to enable extrapolations. As an outlook, terrestrial and aerial remote sensing can play an important role in filling in the knowledge gaps regarding the behavior of wood properties over different spatial and temporal extents. Further interdisciplinary cooperation will be needed to fully facilitate the use of remote sensing and spatially transferable wood property models that could become useful in tackling the challenges associated with changing climate, silviculture, and demand for wood.

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“…tree height, DBH, stem volume, crown-base height, height-diameter ratio, taper, lean, and sweep) of which most are attributes that have been generated also from traditional measurements. However, as shown by Jacobs et al (2019) and Saarinen et al (2019), taper curve is possible to obtain from TLS point clouds and it enables generation of unconventional attributes that may be used in revealing differences in the stem development and stem growth allocation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effects of thinning on stem growth allocation of individual Scots pine trees

Saarinen

Kankare

Yrttimaa

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Forest management alters the growing conditions and thus further development of trees. However, quantitative assessment of forest management on tree growth has been demanding as methodologies for capturing changes comprehensively in space and time have been lacking. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has shown to be capable of providing three-dimensional (3D) tree stem reconstructions required for revealing differences between stem forms and growth allocation. In this study, we used TLS-based 3D reconstructions of tree stems to investigate how forest management (i.e., varying thinning treatments and the following growth effects) has affected stem size and form of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees. The results showed that intensive thinning resulted in more stem volume and therefore total biomass allocation and carbon uptake compared to the moderate thinning. Scots pines growing in plots from which suppressed trees were removed (i.e., thinning from below) had larger bottom part of stems (i.e., volume accumulated more below 50% of tree height) compared to Scots pines growing in plots from which part of the dominant trees had been removed (i.e., thinning from above). Furthermore, intensive thinning, especially from below, produced less variation in relative stem attributes characterizing stem size and form. Thus, it can be concluded that thinning intensity, type, and the following growth effects have an impact on post-thinning stem growth as well as stem form of individual Scots pine trees. Our study presented detailed measurements on postthinning growth of Scots pines that have been laborious or impracticable before the emergence of TLS technology. Moreover, TLS-based stem reconstructions provided variety of attributes characterizing stem growth allocation that have not traditionally been feasible to obtain. The study demonstrated that TLS technology can be used to generate new knowledge for supporting forest management and silviculture as well as improving ecological understanding of boreal forests.

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Assessing the Effects of Sample Size on Parametrizing a Taper Curve Equation and the Resultant Stem-Volume Estimates

Cited by 17 publications

References 47 publications

Stem volume equation for constructing local volume table of Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese in Tana Toraja community forest

Stem volume equation for constructing local volume table of Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese in Tana Toraja community forest

Assessing wood properties in standing timber with laser scanning

Assessing the effects of thinning on stem growth allocation of individual Scots pine trees

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