Assessing the Effectiveness of Using Recharge Wells for Controlling the Saltwater Intrusion in Unconfined Coastal Aquifers with Sloping Beds: Numerical Study

Armanuos, Asaad M.; Al‐Ansari, Nadhir; Yaseen‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬, Zaher Mundher

doi:10.3390/su12072685

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The results confirmed that the SWI interface tip depended on the bed geometry layer [49]. Armanuos et al (2020) utilized SEAWAT to explore the consequence of using freshwater recharge out of underground wells for controlling the SWI in unconfined sloped aquifers [33]. A sensitivity examination was accomplished to investigate the effect of changing the aquifer bed slope and hydraulic parameters on the repulsion ratio of SWI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Several studies have suggested different strategies for preventing or controlling the SWI in coastal aquifers [22][23][24][25]. These methods can be summarized as the following measures: (i) a decrease in groundwater abstraction [26,27], (ii) artificial recharge through recharge wells and spreading basins [28,29], (iii) freshwater injection in the coastal area to maintain the freshwater ridge [30][31][32][33], (iv) abstraction of saltwater along the coast [34,35], (v) construction of underground barriers [36,37], (vi) optimization of the rate of abstraction [38][39][40], (vii) land reclamation, and (viii) a combination of different techniques [41,42]. These approaches are described in the following paragraphs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Underground Barrier Wall Evaluation for Controlling Saltwater Intrusion in Sloping Unconfined Coastal Aquifers

Armanuos

Al‐Ansari

Yaseen‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

2020

Water

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Barrier walls are considered one of the most effective methods for facilitating the retreat of saltwater intrusion (SWI). This research plans to examine the effect of using barrier walls for controlling of SWI in sloped unconfined aquifers. The sloping unconfined aquifer is considered with three different bed slopes. The SEAWAT model is implemented to simulate the SWI. For model validation, the numerical results of the seawater wedge at steady state were compared with the analytical solution. Increasing the ratio of flow barrier depth (db/d) forced the saltwater interface to move seaward and increased the repulsion ratio (R). With a positive sloping bed, further embedding the barrier wall from 0.2 to 0.7 caused R to increase from 0.3% to 59%, while it increased from 1.8% to 41.7% and from 3.4% to 46.9% in the case of negative and horizontal slopes, respectively. Embedding the barrier wall to a db/d value of more than 0.4 achieved a greater R value in the three bed-sloping cases. Installing the barrier wall near the saltwater side with greater depth contributed to the retreat of the SWI. With a negative bed slope, moving the barrier wall from Xb/Lo = 1.0 toward the saltwater side (Xb/Lo = 0.2) increased R from 7.21% to 68.75%, whereas R increased from 5.3% to 67% for the horizontal sloping bed and from 5.1% to 64% for the positive sloping bed. The numerical results for the Akrotiri coastal aquifer confirm that the embedment of the barrier wall significantly affects the controlling of SWI by increasing the repulsion ratio (R) and decreasing the SWI length ratio (L/La). Cost-benefit analysis is recommended to determine the optimal design of barrier walls for increasing the cost-effectiveness of the application of barrier walls as a countermeasure for controlling and preventing SWI in sloped unconfined aquifers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underground Barrier Wall Evaluation for Controlling Saltwater Intrusion in Sloping Unconfined Coastal Aquifers

Armanuos

Al‐Ansari

Yaseen‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

2020

Water

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“…Seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers is a worldwide problem caused, among other factors, by aquifer overexploitation related to human activities, such as irrigation and drinking water supply, and the reduction in natural groundwater recharge due to climate change [1]. To prevent or limit the deterioration of both surface water and groundwater quality due to salt-water contamination, research studies have been developed to fully comprehend the problem and identify its fundamental parameters, as well as to evaluate possible countermeasures, such as cut-off walls (e.g., [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Physical Modeling of Salt-Water Intrusion

Crestani

Camporese

Belluco

et al. 2022

Water

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Salt-water intrusion (SWI) is a worldwide problem increasingly affecting coastal aquifers, exacerbated by climate changes and growing demand of fresh-water. Therefore, research on this topic using both physical and numerical modeling has been intensified, aiming to achieve better predictions of the salt-water wedge evolution and to design suitable countermeasures to its negative effects. This work presents a laboratory facility designed to conduct SWI experiments that can be used as benchmarks for numerical models. To this end, the laboratory facility has been designed to limit errors and provide redundant measurements of hydraulic heads and discharged flow rates. Moreover, the size of the facility allows us to monitor the salt-water wedge evolution by a specifically designed electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) monitoring system. To demonstrate the capabilities of the laboratory facility, we carried out a simple 36-h long SWI experiment in a homogeneous porous medium: during the initial 24 h the salt-water wedge evolved without any external forcing, while in the last 12 h, fresh-water was pumped out to simulate aquifer exploitation. The experiment was monitored through ERT and photos of the salt-water wedge collected at regular time intervals. The SUTRA code was used to reproduce the experimental results, by calibrating only the dispersivities. The ERT results show a good correlation with simulated concentrations between the borehole electrodes, the most sensitive zone of the monitored area, demonstrating that ERT can be used for laboratory evaluations of the salt-water evolution. Overall, the agreement between observed data, numerical simulations, and ERT results demonstrates that the proposed laboratory facility can provide valuable benchmarks for future studies of SWI, even in more complex settings.

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“…The object of most previous GDCSI research has comprised simple hypothetical examples, and the contamination source has always been of a simple design and generalized as a point (Mo et al, 2019;Xing et al 2019;Armanuos et al, 2020;. In addition, previous GDCSI was not comprehensive enough, and identification of shape of contamination source was rarely considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater DNAPL contamination source-sink analysis research system based on the simulation-random statistical method for a practical case

Wang

2022

Preprint

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Groundwater DNAPL contamination source-sink analysis (GDCSA) has seldom been included in previous research on groundwater DNAPL contamination. In this study, a complete GDCSA research system was first established to include groundwater DNAPL contamination source identification (GDCSI), groundwater DNAPL contamination source-sink response relationship (GDCSRR), and spatial and temporal distribution and quantity (sink) of contamination. The object of most previous GDCSI studies has been a simple hypothetical example in which the contamination source was always generalized as a point. For a complex contamination source that cannot be generalized as a point, identifying its shape depicts the source in actual practical terms and ensures the accuracy of GDCSI. In this case study of a practical dye chemical factory in Hebei Province, China, firstly shape of DNAPL contamination source was identified. Then, GDCSRR was determined based on GDCSI result. Finally, sink of contamination based on GDCSRR was determined. Compared with a single study of GDCSI, this complete GDCSA research system provides a reference for identifying the polluter and also provides a more precise basis for contamination remediation scheme design and contamination risk assessment in practical cases. In this paper, we applied parallel heuristic search iterative process (PHSIP) based on simulation-random statistics method to solve GDCSI. However, the repetitive invocation of numerical simulation model has high computational cost during PHSIP. An effective method is to construct surrogate to emulate the simulation model at low computational cost. However, there is a complex nonlinear mapping relationship between input and output for multiphase flow simulation model with large number of variables and high dimension. The accuracy of a surrogate using shallow learning methods needs to be improved. Therefore, we have introduced deep-belief neural network (DBNN) surrogate to emulate the simulation model. A combination of hypothetical and practical cases was adopted in this study. Test of the proposed approaches for the hypothetical case revealed that the DBNN surrogate approximated the multiphase flow simulation model more closely than shallow learning surrogates, and that the PHSIP obtained accurate identification results. These tested approaches and the GDCSA research system were finally applied to the practical case.

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Assessing the Effectiveness of Using Recharge Wells for Controlling the Saltwater Intrusion in Unconfined Coastal Aquifers with Sloping Beds: Numerical Study

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Underground Barrier Wall Evaluation for Controlling Saltwater Intrusion in Sloping Unconfined Coastal Aquifers

Underground Barrier Wall Evaluation for Controlling Saltwater Intrusion in Sloping Unconfined Coastal Aquifers

Large-Scale Physical Modeling of Salt-Water Intrusion

Groundwater DNAPL contamination source-sink analysis research system based on the simulation-random statistical method for a practical case

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