Assessing the Current Status of Tobacco Dependence Education Curricula in US Physician Assistant Programs

Kelly, Cheri W.; Davis, Joan M.; DiCocco, Margaret

doi:10.1097/01367895-201122030-00001

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…As with other studies in the dental 12 , 14 and medical fields, 23 , 24 our findings indicated the majority of Italian undergraduate dental hygiene programs commit a sizeable portion of the tobacco dependence curricular content and time to health effects and minimal time to treatment skills or prevention. Less than half of the respondents provided student training in tobacco treatment techniques, spending less than one hour on these important skills a year.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Assessment of Tobacco Dependence Curricula in Italian Dental Hygiene Schools

Pizzo

Davis

Licata

et al. 2013

Journal of Dental Education

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The aim of this study was to assess the level of tobacco dependence education offered by Italian dental hygiene programs. A ifty-question survey was mailed to the thirty-one active public and private dental hygiene programs in Italy during the 2008-09 academic year. The survey assessed faculty conidence in teaching tobacco treatment, which courses contained tobacco dependence content, the number of minutes spent on speciic content areas, and the level of clinical competence that dental hygiene graduates should be able to demonstrate. Surveys were returned by sixteen programs for a response rate of 52 percent. Respondents indicated tobacco dependence education was included in clinic or clinic seminar (56 percent), periodontics (44 percent), oral pathology (31 percent), and prevention (19 percent). All programs reported including the effects of tobacco on general and oral diseases in courses. However, more in-depth topics received less curriculum time; these included tobacco treatment strategies (63 percent) and discussion of cessation medications (31 percent). Interestingly, 62 percent of the respondents indicated they expected dental hygiene graduates to demonstrate a tobacco treatment competency level of a moderate intervention or higher (counseling, discussion of medications, follow-up) rather than a brief intervention in which patients are advised to quit then referred to a quitline. The results of this study indicated that Italian dental hygiene students are not currently receiving adequate instruction in tobacco treatment techniques nor are they being adequately assessed. This unique overview of Italian dental hygiene tobacco dependence education provides a basis for further discussion towards a national competency-based curriculum.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Assessment of Tobacco Dependence Curricula in Italian Dental Hygiene Schools

Pizzo

Davis

Licata

et al. 2013

Journal of Dental Education

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“…39 However, training consistent with a comprehensive, ED-specific model is needed because of concerns that existing curricula emphasize smoking-related health risks and neglect teaching effective strategies for behavior change. 39,40 This inconsistency leaves APPs at risk for developing cessation intervention approaches that could include scare tactics or other non-evidencebased strategies, although that was not reflected in our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Emergency Department Provider Preferences Related to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Tobacco Cessation: A Multicenter Survey

Walters

Reibling

Wilber

et al. 2014

Academic Emergency Medicine

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Objectives To assess current emergency department (ED) provider practices and preferences for tobacco cessation interventions. The ED is an opportune place to initiate smoking cessation interventions. However, little is known about ED provider current practices and preferences for cessation counseling in the ED. Methods This was a survey of ED providers conducted in 2008–2009 (including physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and nurses), working at least half-time at ten U.S. academic EDs, regarding adherence to clinical practice guidelines (“5 As”) and preferences for cessation interventions/styles. Data analysis occurred in 2012–2013. Results The response rate was 64% (799 out of 1,246 completed surveys). Providers reported strongest adherence to asking about patient smoking status, followed by advising, with significant variance by clinical role. Assessing, assisting, and arranging support for patients was low overall. Most frequently used interventions were to provide patients with a list of telephone numbers for stop-smoking counseling (87%), pamphlets on smoking health risks and the benefits of stopping (85%), and referrals to the National Toll-Free Smoker’s Quitline (84%). Most providers (80%) were supportive of personally conducting brief (less than three minutes) smoking cessation counseling sessions during the ED visit, emphasizing education and encouragement. The least appealing intervention was writing a prescription for nicotine replacement therapies or medications to stop smoking (35%). Conclusions Interventions most likely to be used were brief, delivered with a positive tone, and included referral to external resources. The logical next step is to design and test interventions that ED providers find acceptable.

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“…32–34 The present study is the first comprehensive assessment of MI education in all PAEA-affiliated PA programs. Although our findings establish a national benchmark for MI education, the study does have limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2011, Kelly et al 32 reported that 75.6% of PA programs in the United States included MI as part of their tobacco-dependence education curricula. However, only 79 out of 141 programs responded to that survey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, a survey of 82 PA students (response rate 10%) found that 48.8% felt comfortable using MI to encourage weight loss in patients. 33 These previous works suggest that PA programs have attempted to introduce MI concepts to students; 32–34 however, the low response rates limit the ability of the surveys to provide a comprehensive overview of the extent to which MI is being incorporated into PA programs in the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating Motivational Interviewing in the Physician Assistant Curriculum

Halbach

Keller

2017

Journal of Physician Assistant Education

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Purpose Motivational interviewing (MI) is an evidence-based technique that enables clinicians to help patients modify health behaviors. Although MI is an essential tool for physician assistants (PAs), the extent to which it is addressed in PA curricula in the United States is unknown. This study is a comprehensive description of MI education in PA programs in the United States. Methods Data are from the 2014 Physician Assistant Education Association Annual Program Survey. Descriptive statistics were conducted on de-identified data from all 186 PA programs in the United States. Results Of the 186 PA programs surveyed, 72.58% (n = 135) reported at least one course providing MI training. Availability of courses providing training in skills essential to the MI process varied. Having a course with verbal communication training was most frequently endorsed, and having a course with training in developing discrepancy was least frequently endorsed. The most popular teaching modality was lecture (84.95%, n = 158), whereas only 41.40% (n = 77) and 58.60% (n = 109) reported role play with evaluation and standardized patient exercises with evaluation, respectively. Conclusion More than 70% of programs included at least one course in their curriculum that provided training in MI, suggesting that PA programs recognize the importance of MI. Instruction in change talk was not provided in nearly half of the programs. Role play and standardized patient exercises with evaluation were underused methods despite their proven efficacy in MI education. As the first comprehensive benchmark of MI education for PAs, the present study shows that although most programs address MI, opportunities exist to improve MI training in PA programs in the United States.

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Assessing the Current Status of Tobacco Dependence Education Curricula in US Physician Assistant Programs

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Assessment of Tobacco Dependence Curricula in Italian Dental Hygiene Schools

Assessment of Tobacco Dependence Curricula in Italian Dental Hygiene Schools

Emergency Department Provider Preferences Related to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Tobacco Cessation: A Multicenter Survey

Evaluating Motivational Interviewing in the Physician Assistant Curriculum

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