Assessing the climate impact of district heating systems with combined heat and power production and industrial excess heat

Olsson, Lena; Wetterlund, Elisabeth; Söderström, Mats

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2015.01.006

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Impact allocation. The climate impact was allocated between heat and power using an efficiency allocation method (also called benefit-sharing method; Martinsson et al, 2012;Olsson et al, 2015). The method allocates emissions between power and heat based on the corresponding amount of power and heat that would have been produced in separate production facilities.…”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate impact assessment of willow energy from a landscape perspective: a Swedish case study

2016

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Locally produced bioenergy can decrease the dependency on imported fossil fuels in a region, while also being valuable for climate change mitigation. Short-rotation coppice willow is a potentially high-yielding energy crop that can be grown to supply a local energy facility. This study assessed the energy performance and climate impacts when establishing willow on current fallow land in a Swedish region with the purpose of supplying a bio-based combined heat and power plant. Time-dependent life cycle assessment (LCA) was combined with geographic information system (GIS) mapping to include spatial variation in terms of transport distance, initial soil organic carbon content, soil texture and yield. Two climate metrics were used [global warming potential (GWP) and absolute global temperature change potential (AGTP)], and the energy performance was determined by calculating the energy ratio (energy produced per unit of energy used). The results showed that when current fallow land in a Swedish region was used for willow energy, an average energy ratio of 30 MJ MJ À1 (including heat, power and flue gas condensation) was obtained and on average 84.3 Mg carbon per ha was sequestered in the soil during a 100-year time frame (compared with the reference land use). The processes contributing most to the energy use during one willow rotation were the production and application of fertilizers (~40%), followed by harvest (~35%) and transport (~20%). The temperature response after 100 years of willow cultivation was À6Á10 À16 K MJ À1 heat, which is much lower compared with fossil coal and natural gas (70Á10 À16 K MJ À1 heat and 35Á10 À16 K MJ À1 heat, respectively). The combined GIS and time-dependent LCA approach developed here can be a useful tool in systematic analysis of bioenergy production systems and related land use effects.

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Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate impact assessment of willow energy from a landscape perspective: a Swedish case study

2016

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“…Olsson et al investigated how methodological choices influence the estimation of GHG emissions from DH systems including CHP plants and deliveries of IEH. The paper focused on unavoidable IEH and did not regard biomass as a limited resource.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holistic methodological framework for assessing the benefits of delivering industrial excess heat to a district heating network

et al. 2020

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Summary In Sweden, over 50% of building heating requirements are covered by district heating. Approximately 8% of the heat supply to district heating systems comes from excess heat from industrial processes. Many studies indicate that there is a potential to substantially increase this share, and policies promoting energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions reduction provide incentives to do this. Quantifying the medium and long‐term economic and carbon footprint benefits of such investments is difficult because the background energy system against which new investments should be assessed is also expected to undergo significant change as a result of the aforementioned policies. Furthermore, in many cases, the district heating system has already invested or is planning to invest in non‐fossil heat sources such as biomass‐fueled boilers or CHP units. This paper proposes a holistic methodological framework based on energy market scenarios for assessing the long‐term carbon footprint and economic benefits of recovering excess heat from industrial processes for use in district heating systems. In many studies of industrial excess heat, it is assumed that all emissions from the process plant are allocated to the main products, and none to the excess heat. The proposed methodology makes a distinction between unavoidable excess heat and excess heat that could be avoided by increased heat recovery at the plant site, in which case it is assumed that a fraction of the plant emissions should be allocated to the exported heat. The methodology is illustrated through a case study of a chemical complex located approximately 50 km from the city of Gothenburg on the West coast of Sweden, from which substantial amounts of excess heat could be recovered and delivered to heat to the city's district heating network which aims to be completely fossil‐free by 2030.

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“…There is an increasing awareness among citizens about the positive environmental effects of energy saving [6]; however, the effect of the recession has considerably influenced the choice and use of heating sources. On the one hand, households struggle to reduce energy consumption and costs demanding alternative heating, and on the other hand, they consider alternatives that are not always sustainable (e.g., room air-conditioners) [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Households’ Preferences for a New ‘Climate-Friendly’ Heating System: Does Contribution to Reducing Greenhouse Gases Matter?

et al. 2019

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This study investigates the preferences of Italian home-owners when choosing a new domestic heating system. The focus is on understanding the influence on consumer choice of a potential label certifying the effect of the heating system on the greenhouse effect. To this end, we designed a survey including a discrete choice experiment and administered it to residents in north-eastern Italy. Our findings reveal that, on average, respondents pay particular attention to the green effect of their purchase. The carbon dioxide reduction label was considered second in terms of importance after cost. Further analysis found that our sample presents three clusters of customers, with intra-cluster homogeneous preferences. The cluster analysis showed that while the initial system costs are considered to varying degrees by the whole sample, the carbon dioxide reduction label was considered important by 79% of respondents (members of clusters 1 and 2). To achieve greater results in reducing the greenhouse effect of the domestic heating sector, a combination of policies should be used simultaneously to achieve greater effectiveness. Our simulations support the hypothesis that policymakers should achieve greater results in terms of reducing the domestic greenhouse gas emissions by applying a combined policy that leverages the importance citizens accord to the different characteristics of a heating system. From our results, the application of a ‘low carbon dioxide ( C O 2 ) emissions’ label will amplify the effect of a subsidy that reduces the initial system costs.

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Assessing the climate impact of district heating systems with combined heat and power production and industrial excess heat

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Climate impact assessment of willow energy from a landscape perspective: a Swedish case study

Climate impact assessment of willow energy from a landscape perspective: a Swedish case study

Holistic methodological framework for assessing the benefits of delivering industrial excess heat to a district heating network

Households’ Preferences for a New ‘Climate-Friendly’ Heating System: Does Contribution to Reducing Greenhouse Gases Matter?

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