Assessing the carbon compositions and sources of mangrove peat in a tropical mangrove forest on Pohnpei Island, Federated States of Micronesia

Ono, Kaori; Hiradate, Syuntaro; Morita, Shinzo; Hiraide, Masakazu; Hirata, Yasumasa; Fujimoto, Kiyoshi; Tabuchi, Ryuichi; Lihpai, Saimon

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.01.008

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Precipitation may regulate root decay processes by influencing oxygen supply to, and thus the redox potential of, sediments, as well as their salinity. Precipitation is more variable in the saltmarsh studies analysed here, the range of averages among individual study locations fluctuating between 2 and 7 mm day −1 , compared to the variation between 3 and 4 mm day −1 in mangrove studies (except one study, from Micronesia (Ono et al, 2015), which showed high precipitation, but as a significant outlier was excluded from our analysis). An increase in precipitation may result in sustained water−logging conditions, which may hinder root decay.…”

Section: Drivers Of Root Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The role of root decomposition in global mangrove and saltmarsh carbon budgets

Ouyang

Lee

Connolly

2017

Earth-Science Reviews

116

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This study aims to determine the drivers of root decomposition and its role in carbon (C) budgets in mangroves and saltmarsh. We review the patterns of root decomposition, and its contribution to C budgets, in mangroves and saltmarsh: the impact of climatic (temperature and precipitation), geographic (latitude), temporal (decay period) and biotic (ecosystem type) drivers using multiple regression models. Best-fit models explain 50% and 48% of the variance in mangrove and saltmarsh root decay rates, respectively. A combination of biotic, climatic, geographic and temporal drivers influence root decay rates. Rainfall and latitude have the strongest influence on root decomposition rates in saltmarsh. For mangroves, forest type is the most important; decomposition is faster in riverine mangroves than other types. Mangrove species Avicennia marina and saltmarsh species Spartina maritima and Phragmites australis have the highest root decomposition rates. Root decomposition rates of mangroves were slightly higher in the Indo-west Pacific region (average 0.16 % day-1) than in the Atlantic-east Pacific region (0.13 % day-1). Mangrove root decomposition rates also show a negative exponential relationship with porewater salinity. In mangroves, global root decomposition rates are 0.15 % day-1 based on the median value of rates in individual studies (and 0.14 % day-1 after adjusting for area of mangroves at different latitudes). In saltmarsh, global root decomposition rates average 0.12 % day-1 (no adjustment for area with latitude necessary). Our global estimate of the amount of root decomposing is 10 Tg C yr-1 in mangroves (8 Tg C yr-1 adjusted for area by latitude) and 31 Tg C yr-1 in saltmarsh. Local root C burial rates reported herein are 51-54 g C m-2 yr-1 for mangroves (58-61 Tg C yr-1 adjusted for area by latitude) and 191 g C m-2 yr-1 for saltmarsh. These values account for 24.1-29.1% (mangroves) and 77.9% (saltmarsh) of the reported sediment C accumulation rates in these habitats. Globally, dead root C production is the significant source of stored sediment C in mangroves and saltmarsh.

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Section: Drivers Of Root Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The role of root decomposition in global mangrove and saltmarsh carbon budgets

Ouyang

Lee

Connolly

2017

Earth-Science Reviews

116

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“…Though root decomposition is dependent on a variety of factors (Poungparn et al 2009), fine root decomposition in mangroves appears to be a slow process; a study of fine root necro-mass in eastern Thailand found an astonishingly high dead to total fine root mass, as much as 98.5 % (Chalermchatwilai et al 2011). Mangrove peat may be predominantly made up of fine roots (Ono et al 2015), suggesting that mangroves may play an unappreciated role in carbon sequestration. Ecosystem features of mangroves are not independent.…”

Section: Carbon Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mangrove root: adaptations and ecological importance

Srikanth

Lum

Chen

2015

Trees

161

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Key message This review gives a comprehensive overview of adaptations of mangrove root system to the adverse environmental conditions and summarizes the ecological importance of mangrove root to the ecosystem. Abstract In plants, the first line of defense against abiotic stress is in their roots. If the soil surrounding the plant root is healthy and biologically diverse, the plant will have a higher chance to survive in stressful conditions. Different plant species have unique adaptations when exposed to a variety of abiotic stress conditions. None of the responses are identical, even though plants have become adapted to the exact same environment. Mangrove plants have developed complex morphological, anatomical, physiological, and molecular adaptations allowing survival and success in their high-stress habitat. This review briefly depicts adaptive strategies of mangrove roots with respect to anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and also the major advances recently made at the genetic and genomic levels. Results drawn from the different studies on mangrove roots have further indicated that specific patterns of gene expression might contribute to adaptive evolution of mangroves under high salinity. We also review crucial ecological contributions provided by mangrove root communities to the ecosystem including marine fauna.

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“…Information on fine roots in deeper soil is also important for a better understanding of soil carbon dynamics in mangrove forests, where huge amounts of organic carbon are accumulated, especially at soil depths below 30 cm (Donato et al 2011). It should also be noted that in a mangrove forest on Pohnpei Island, radiocarbon dating detected 'modern' carbon in the soil at a depth of 90 cm, which suggests that roots growing into the deep soil layer could be a major source of soil organic carbon (Ono et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass and Production Rates of Fine Roots in Two Mangrove Stands in Southern Thailand

Noguchi

Poungparn

Umnouysin

et al. 2020

JARQ

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Fine roots are a key component of belowground carbon dynamics in forest ecosystems. However, information on fine root dynamics in mangrove forests is still limited. Therefore, in this study we examined the biomass and production rates of fine roots by using soil coring and an ingrowth core method, respectively, at soil depths of 0 cm-40 cm in Avicennia alba and Rhizophora apiculata stands in Ranong Province, southern Thailand. In these stands, the fine root biomass was ca. 3.4 kg m −2 and 1.4 kg m −2 , respectively, while fine root production rates were ca. 450 g m −2 year −1 and 740 g m −2 year −1 , respectively. Fine root biomass was not significantly different between the surface (0 cm-20 cm) and subsurface (20 cm-40 cm) soil in both stands. The fine root production rate was also similar between the soil layers in the R. apiculata stand, whereas it decreased with soil depth in the A. alba stand. The patterns of vertical distribution of fine root production rates probably reflected the species characteristics of A. alba and R. apiculata, and suggested that fine root production in the subsurface soil contributes significantly to belowground carbon dynamics, especially in R. apiculata.

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Assessing the carbon compositions and sources of mangrove peat in a tropical mangrove forest on Pohnpei Island, Federated States of Micronesia

Cited by 26 publications

References 38 publications

The role of root decomposition in global mangrove and saltmarsh carbon budgets

The role of root decomposition in global mangrove and saltmarsh carbon budgets

Mangrove root: adaptations and ecological importance

Biomass and Production Rates of Fine Roots in Two Mangrove Stands in Southern Thailand

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