Assessing the applicability of isotopic analysis of pedogenic gypsum as a paleoclimate indicator, Southern New Mexico

Buck, Brenda J.; Hoesen, John Van

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.03.003

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Thus, our results indicate that the evaporation front was located within the top 10 cm in spring and within 10-20 cm in summer. Compared with free water, crystallization water had higher d 18 O, but similar d 2 H (Fig. 1, Supplementary Table 2), leading to very low deuterium excess, as reported for other gypsum soils 17,18 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Compared with free water, crystallization water had higher d 18 O, but similar d 2 H (Fig. 1, Supplementary Table 2), leading to very low deuterium excess, as reported for other gypsum soils 17,18 . This is due to the opposite fractionation factors affecting 18 O and 2 H during gypsum crystallization 17 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Free and crystallization water of gypsum soils had different isotopic compositions that varied seasonally (Supplementary Table 1). Free water extracted from the top 10 cm of the soil was less 18 O and 2 H-enriched during summer than in spring, while the opposite change was found in free water extracted from 10-20 cm (Fig. 1, Supplementary Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…To assess this hypothesis, we analyze the hydrogen (d 2 H) and oxygen (d 18 O) isotope composition of the xylem water of the gypsum-specialist plant Helianthemum squamatum (L.) Pers. This species has shallow roots 11 that do not reach the water table 12 , and remains phenologically active during summer 13 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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The crystallization water of gypsum rocks is a relevant water source for plants

et al. 2014

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Some minerals, like gypsum, hold water in their crystalline structure. Although still unexplored, the use of such crystallization water by organisms would point to a completely new water source for life, critical under dry conditions. Here we use the fact that the isotopic composition of free water differs from gypsum crystallization water to show that plants can use crystallization water from the gypsum structure. The composition of the xylem sap of gypsum plants during summer shows closer values to gypsum crystallization water than to free soil water. Crystallization water represents a significant water source for organisms growing on gypsum, especially during summer, when it accounts for 70-90% of the water used by shallow-rooted plants. Given the widespread occurrence of gypsum in dry lands throughout the Earth and in Mars, these results may have important implications for arid land reclamation and exobiology.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The crystallization water of gypsum rocks is a relevant water source for plants

et al. 2014

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“…While some applications have been investigated (e.g., Sofer, 1978;Bath et al, 1987;Buck and Van Hoesen, 2005), the palaeoclimatic information obtainable from hydrated minerals or hydrothermal inclusions is likely to be limited owing to exchange reactions, so in general, greater credence has been given to speleothem inclusion waters as being more likely to reflect ambient atmospheric conditions.…”

Section: Fluid Inclusion Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The isotope hydrology of quaternary climate change☆

Darling

2011

Journal of Human Evolution

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Understanding the links between climate change and human migration and culture is an important theme in Quaternary archaeology. While oxygen and hydrogen stable isotopes in high-latitude ice cores provide the ultimate detailed record of palaeoclimate extending back to the Middle Pleistocene, groundwater can act as a climate archive for areas at lower latitudes, permitting a degree of calibration for proxy records such as lake sediments, bones and organic matter. Not only can oxygen and hydrogen stable isotopes be measured on waters, but the temperature of recharge can be calculated from the amount of the noble gases neon, argon, krypton and xenon in solution, while residence time can be estimated from the decay of the radioisotopes carbon-14, chlorine-36 and krypton-81 over timescales comparable to the ice core record. The Pleistocene-Holocene transition is well characterised in aquifers worldwide, and it is apparent that isotope-temperature relationships of the present day are not necessarily transferable to past climatic regimes, with important implications for the interpretation of proxy isotope data. Groundwaters dating back to one million years, i.e. to beyond the Middle Pleistocene, are only found in major aquifer basins and information is relatively sparse and of low resolution. Speleothem fluid inclusions offer a way of considerably increasing this resolution, but both speleothem formation and large-scale groundwater recharge require humid conditions which may be relatively infrequent for areas currently experiencing arid climates. Both types of record therefore require caution in their interpretation when considering a particular archaeological context.

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Simultaneous analysis of ¹⁷O/¹⁶O, ¹⁸O/¹⁶O and ²H/¹H of gypsum hydration water by cavity ring‐down laser spectroscopy

Gázquez

Mather

Rolfe

et al. 2015

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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RationaleThe recent development of cavity ring‐down laser spectroscopy (CRDS) instruments capable of measuring 17O‐excess in water has created new opportunities for studying the hydrologic cycle. Here we apply this new method to studying the triple oxygen (17O/16O, 18O/16O) and hydrogen (2H/1H) isotope ratios of gypsum hydration water (GHW), which can provide information about the conditions under which the mineral formed and subsequent post‐depositional interaction with other fluids.MethodsWe developed a semi‐automated procedure for extracting GHW by slowly heating the sample to 400°C in vacuo and cryogenically trapping the evolved water. The isotopic composition (δ17O, δ18O and δ2H values) of the GHW is subsequently measured by CRDS. The extraction apparatus allows the dehydration of five samples and one standard simultaneously, thereby increasing the long‐term precision and sample throughput compared with previous methods. The apparatus is also useful for distilling brines prior to isotopic analysis. A direct comparison is made between results of 17O‐excess in GHW obtained by CRDS and fluorination followed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) of O2.ResultsThe long‐term analytical precision of our method of extraction and isotopic analysis of GHW by CRDS is ±0.07‰ for δ17O values, ±0.13‰ for δ18O values and ±0.49‰ for δ2H values (all ±1SD), and ±1.1‰ and ±8 per meg for the deuterium‐excess and 17O‐excess, respectively. Accurate measurement of the 17O‐excess values of GHW, of both synthetic and natural samples, requires the use of a micro‐combustion module (MCM). This accessory removes contaminants (VOCs, H2S, etc.) from the water vapour stream that interfere with the wavelengths used for spectroscopic measurement of water isotopologues. CRDS/MCM and IRMS methods yield similar isotopic results for the analysis of both synthetic and natural gypsum samples within analytical error of the two methods.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that precise and simultaneous isotopic measurements of δ17O, δ18O and δ2H values, and the derived deuterium‐excess and 17O‐excess, can be obtained from GHW and brines using a new extraction apparatus and subsequent measurement by CRDS. This method provides new opportunities for the application of water isotope tracers in hydrologic and paleoclimatologic research. © 2015 The Authors. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Assessing the applicability of isotopic analysis of pedogenic gypsum as a paleoclimate indicator, Southern New Mexico

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

The crystallization water of gypsum rocks is a relevant water source for plants

The crystallization water of gypsum rocks is a relevant water source for plants

The isotope hydrology of quaternary climate change☆

Simultaneous analysis of ¹⁷O/¹⁶O, ¹⁸O/¹⁶O and ²H/¹H of gypsum hydration water by cavity ring‐down laser spectroscopy

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Assessing the applicability of isotopic analysis of pedogenic gypsum as a paleoclimate indicator, Southern New Mexico

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

The crystallization water of gypsum rocks is a relevant water source for plants

The crystallization water of gypsum rocks is a relevant water source for plants

The isotope hydrology of quaternary climate change☆

Simultaneous analysis of 17O/16O, 18O/16O and 2H/1H of gypsum hydration water by cavity ring‐down laser spectroscopy

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Simultaneous analysis of ¹⁷O/¹⁶O, ¹⁸O/¹⁶O and ²H/¹H of gypsum hydration water by cavity ring‐down laser spectroscopy