Assessing the Aflatoxin B1 Adsorption Capacity between Biosorbents Using an In Vitro Multicompartmental Model Simulating the Dynamic Conditions in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Poultry

Abstract

Experiments were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of three different biosorbents (banana peel, Pyracantha leaves, and Aloe powder) in removing aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). A noncommercial mycotoxin binder (zeolite) was used as a reference material. A laboratory model that simulated the in vivo conditions of the poultry gastrointestinal tract was utilized to prove the removal efficiency of the biosorbents when added to AFB1-contaminated diet (100 µg/kg). The concentration of AFB1 was determined using antibody-based immunoaffinity column and spectrofluorometry methodologies. Z potential (ζ), point of zero charge (pHpzc), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) techniques were used to further characterize the biosorbents. The addition of the biosorbents (1.5%, w/w) to the diet significantly reduced the bioavailability of AFB1 in the intestinal section. The highest aflatoxin adsorption values were 69% and 70% using Aloe powder and zeolite, respectively. A moderate biosorption uptake of 46% was achieved using Pyracantha leaves. The biomaterial with the lowest removal capacity was banana peel (28%). In conclusion, Aloe powder could be used as an alternative to conventional systems for AFB1 removal.

Aflatoxin B1-Adsorbing Capability of Pleurotus eryngii Mycelium: Efficiency and Modeling of the Process

“…The pH of the solution was irrelevant in a range from 5 to 7 (range compatible with the pH of application). Zavala-Franco et al (2018) studied the adsorbing capability of different biosorbents by an in vitro poultry digestive model. In that study, the same variables as in our work, that is mass of adsorbent and AfB 1 concentration, were assumed to be the main variables affecting the system.…”

“…However, the latter have the disadvantage of showing high inclusion rates for vitamins and minerals, while mycelium of P. eryngii can be used as an alternative adsorbent material that is effective without causing nutritional losses. In a recently reported study, the adsorbing capability of different biosorbents, i.e., banana peel, Pyracantha leaves, and Aloe powder, were compared to that of zeolite in a laboratory model that simulated the conditions of the poultry gastro-intestinal tract (Zavala-Franco et al, 2018). The adsorption values assessed were 70, 69, 46, and 28% for zeolite, Aloe powder, Pyracantha leaves, and banana peel, respectively.…”

Assessing the Aflatoxins Mitigation Efficacy of Blueberry Pomace Biosorbent in Buffer, Gastrointestinal Fluids and Model Wine

“…as well as organic materials such as yeast cell wall, activated carbon, polymeric organic compounds and processed plant fibers [ 11 ]. In the circle of adsorption research, biosorption possesses dual benefits i.e., suitable management of the bio-wastes and a great degree of greenness in the approach for the efficient removal of the pollutants [ 12 ]. Recently, agro-industrial wastes have been widely employed for the sequestration of organic and inorganic toxic substances [ 13 , 14 ].…”

“…Therefore, the presence of these functional groups renders the bio-agricultural wastes as promising materials for the adsorptive removal of organic/toxic compounds. These bio-sorbents used for the removal of pollutants include tomato processing waste [ 18 ], forest biowaste [ 19 ], cherry waste [ 20 ], apricot stone [ 21 ], and grape pomace waste [ 22 ], while specifically for mycotoxins, grape pomace waste [ 23 ], Pyracanth leaves, Aloe powder [ 12 ], Pyracantha koidzumii biomasses [ 24 ], banana peel [ 24 ] and grape processing waste [ 25 ] are noteworthy. Blueberry and cherry wastes (pomace) obtained from wine and juice industries could also be envisaged as efficient AFs adsorbents owing to their higher lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose contents.…”

Synthesised magnetic nano‐zeolite as a mycotoxins binder to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxins, zearalenone, ochratoxin A, and deoxynivalenol in barley

“…In this regard, the use of microporous aluminosilicate materials, including zeolites as toxin binders can be beneficial due to their extraordinary chemical and physical features such as high surface charge, cation‐exchange, and adsorption capacity [16]. The microporous aluminosilicate materials, including zeolites, are widely used as toxin binders in the food industry [17, 18]. Zeolites have extraordinary chemical and physical features such as cation exchange, dehydration–rehydration, catalysis, and adsorption capacity properties, which led to their widespread use in various fields including environmental pollution control, chemistry, pesticide, biotechnology, and medical industry [16].…”