Assessing Survey Methods and Firearm Exposure Among Adolescent Emergency Department Patients

Pelucio, Maria; Roe, G.C.F.; Fiechtl, Jim; Leake, J.A.; Herman, Emily; Shonce, Ryan; Pruitt, Amanda

doi:10.1097/pec.0b013e31821d8643

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…All three periodic surveys of inmates are restricted to adults age 18 and over. There are no nationally representative surveys of juvenile offenders, although several surveys of convenience samples have been conducted (Sheley and Wright, 1993;Pelucio et al, 2011;Watkins et al, 2008). Juveniles must obtain their guns almost entirely from social connections and other informal sources, possibly including their own household (if adults in the household keep guns).…”

Section: National Firearms Surveys Of Offendersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of guns to dangerous people: What we learn by asking them

Cook

Parker

Pollack

2015

Preventive Medicine

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Section: National Firearms Surveys Of Offendersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of guns to dangerous people: What we learn by asking them

Cook

Parker

Pollack

2015

Preventive Medicine

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“…[13][14][15][16][17][18] Sims et al 19 found violently injured youth admitted to trauma units have readmission rates as high as 44% due to assault and 20% mortality due to homicide over a 5-year follow-up; retrospective chart reviews note similar rates. [19][20][21][22][23][24] The ED is the primary medical setting for injured adolescents, [25][26][27][28] and an important setting for violenceprevention programs. [29][30][31][32][33] Given high rates of reinjury and potential for retaliatory violence, understanding the rates and correlates of firearm possession, past experiences with firearm violence, and source and reason for possession among high-risk assaultinjured youth is critical to inform prevention efforts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Firearm Possession Among Adolescents Presenting to an Urban Emergency Department for Assault

et al. 2013

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Violence involving firearms is a leading cause of death among US youth ages 14 to 24. The emergency department is the primary medical setting for care of assault-injured youth and an underused but important setting for violence-prevention programs.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Among assault-injured youth seeking emergency department care, firearm possession rates are high, most obtained outside of legal channels. Higher rates of negative retaliatory attitudes and substance use among those youth with firearms increases risk of future lethal violence. abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Firearm violence is a leading cause of death among youth. The objectives of this study were (1) determine firearm possession rates and associated correlates among youth seeking care for assault in an emergency department (ED); (2) understand differences in risk factors for youth with firearm possession; and (3) identify firearm possession characteristics in this population: type, reason for possession, and source of firearms. METHODS:Youth (14 to 24 years old) presenting to a Level 1 ED with assault were administered a computerized screening survey. Validated instruments were administered, measuring demographics, firearm rates and characteristics, attitudes toward aggression, substance use, and previous violence history.RESULTS: Among 689 assault-injured youth, 23% reported firearm possession in the past 6 months. Only 17% of those reporting firearm possession obtained the gun from a legal source; 22% reported ownership of highly lethal automatic/semiautomatic weapons and 37.1% reported having a firearm for protection. Logistic regression analysis identified significant correlates of firearm possession, including male gender, higher socioeconomic status, illicit drug use, recent serious fight, and retaliatory attitudes.CONCLUSIONS: ED assault-injured youth had high rates of firearm possession (23.1%), most of which were not obtained from legal sources. Youth with firearm possession were more likely to have been in a recent serious fight, and to endorse aggressive attitudes that increase their risk for retaliatory violence. Future prevention efforts should focus on minimizing illegal firearm access among high-risk youth, nonviolent alternatives to retaliatory violence, and substance use prevention. Dr Carter carried out the analyses, drafted the manuscript, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Drs Walton and Zimmerman were responsible for the initial conceptualization and design of the study, design of data collection elements, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Drs Newton and Whiteside assisted with the analysis, drafting of the manuscript, and critical review of the manuscript; Mr Clery assisted with the drafting of the manuscript and critical review of the manuscript; Dr Cunningham was responsible for the initial conceptualization and design of the study, design of data collection elements, aided in the analysis, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; and all authors approved the final manuscript...

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“…10 Additionally, studies have found that one-third of children presenting to health care reported having access to a firearm, and one-fifth stated they would not have difficulties buying one. 11,12 Children are curious by nature and cannot be trusted to avoid handling firearms in the home. For older children, acquiring a firearm is not perceived as difficult, although it is illegal.…”

Section: A Gun In the House Makes The Household Safermentioning

confidence: 99%

Pragmatic Firearm Advocacy for Pediatricians

Sandberg¹,

Wang²

2017

Hospital Pediatrics

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The review article "Pediatric Firearm-Related Injuries in the United States" in this issue of Hospital Pediatrics serves as a timely reminder for all health care providers that we cannot afford to be silent about gun violence. An average of 7 children and teens ages 1 to 19 are killed by guns every day in the United States. 1 Pediatric hospitalists are on the front lines of this public health crisis. To uphold our duty as pediatricians to protect and improve the health of children, we must educate ourselves about gun violence and become vocal advocates for sensible, effective solutions. Although firearm safety has been highly politicized, we as physicians know that this is first and foremost a public health issue. Many analogies can be drawn from history. When motor vehicle collisions became a leading cause of mortality, auto manufacturers blamed collisions on the drivers. When evidence emerged regarding the health threat of tobacco, tobacco companies denied the association of cigarette smoke with disease. After hard-fought battles with these industries, regulations were put in place that dramatically decreased morbidity and mortality from these public health threats. 2 It is clearly time to do the same for firearms. As with automobile and tobacco regulations, our advocacy must be a pragmatic one. Pediatricians must understand patient and family values and concerns regarding gun ownership. Pediatricians must be able to communicate the risks of firearm ownership to families and children, address controversies and myths, and understand which interventions have been demonstrated by existing data to be most effective in decreasing injury and death. We must understand federal law and the laws in states where we practice. In this commentary, we present a guideline for pragmatic firearm advocacy for pediatricians: key firearm facts that all pediatricians should know, common myths about firearms, interventions that have been proven effective in decreasing firearm injuries and fatalities, a checklist for hospital pediatricians to follow at discharge, and pragmatic advocacy actions we as physicians can take to address this public health epidemic. PEDIATRIC FIREARM INJURIES AND DEATHS: 3 KEY FACTS Firearm Deaths Are Now Tied With Automobile Accidents as the Number 1 Cause of Death for Children Ages 1 to 19 in the United States Firearms account for .30 000 US deaths per year, of which ∼∼3000 (10%) are in children. This statistic translates into ∼7 deaths per day. Although injury (unintentional and intentional) has always accounted for the largest proportion of pediatric mortality, motor vehicle fatalities historically have been the major injury mechanism causing death in children. However, trends in mortality have changed, and recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data from 2014 and 2015 show firearm and motor vehicle fatality rates are converging. In 2015 the firearm death rate was 11.01 and the motor vehicle death rate was 11.83 per 10 000 people. Also, 95% of firearm

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Assessing Survey Methods and Firearm Exposure Among Adolescent Emergency Department Patients

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Sources of guns to dangerous people: What we learn by asking them

Sources of guns to dangerous people: What we learn by asking them

Firearm Possession Among Adolescents Presenting to an Urban Emergency Department for Assault

Pragmatic Firearm Advocacy for Pediatricians

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