Assessing subtype and drug-resistance-associated mutations among antiretroviral-treated HIV-infected patients

Hamkar, Rasool; Mohraz, Minoo; Lorestani, Shima; Aghakhani, Arezoo; Truong, Hong‐Ha M.; McFarland, Willi; Banifazl, Mohammad; Eslamifar, Ali; Foroughi, Maryam; Pakfetrat, Atessa; Ramezani, Amitis

doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000386738.32919.67

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Inconsistent with the study, K103N was reported more commonly than in previous studies [16]. Resistance mutation to PI was not observed in the ART-experienced group, but previous studies determined that the most common protease inhibitor mutation was L90M [13]. Nonexistence of a major PI mutation could be due to the national guidelines calling for less prescription of PI drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…The frequency of the M184V mutation in the current study was the most common one among other studies carried out on the NRTI class [13,14,16]. M184V mutation is related to high resistance to lamivudine and emtricitabine [17]: lamivudine has been prescribed in the Iranian ART regimen and high-level drug resistance to emtricitabine can be attributed to cross-resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Compared to some similar studies, lower frequency of drug resistance was determined. Results of previous studies showed a drug resistance frequency of 60-75% [13,14,15]. The decreasing prevalence can be related to different time spans of drug resistance tests in the conducted studies; in order to have more precise analysis, an equal period of time is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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HIV Drug Resistance and Phylogeny Profile in Naïve and Antiretroviral-Experienced Patients in Tehran, Iran

Farrokhi

Moallemi²,

Baesi³

et al. 2016

Intervirology

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Background: Increasing the accessibility of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has caused the emergence of drug resistance in patients receiving ART and in naïve patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate HIV subtype and drug resistance between naïve patients and ART-experienced patients. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 78 antiretroviral and naïve HIV-1 patients; antiretroviral-resistant mutations and subtyping were then determined by sequencing pol regions. Results: Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 96.1% of sequences belong to the CRF35-AD subtype. Transmitted drug resistance was determined in 14% of drug-naïve patients and 40% of ART-experienced patients. Conclusion: The findings of this study illustrated the importance of resistance testing before and during ART treatment. This study can be used to set up a best medicine strategy in Iranian guidelines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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HIV Drug Resistance and Phylogeny Profile in Naïve and Antiretroviral-Experienced Patients in Tehran, Iran

Farrokhi

Moallemi²,

Baesi³

et al. 2016

Intervirology

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“…In 2010, Hamkar et al [16] found subtype CRF 35_AD in approximately half (48%) of their patients on ART (in Tehran). Our data were more similar to 2 other studies by Baesi et al [17,18] (in 2015) which found a frequency of 80 and 88% CRF 35_AD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Characterization of HIV-1 Subtypes and Drug Resistance Mutations among Antiretrovirally Treated Patients in Kermanshah, Iran

Golmohammadi

Baesi²,

Moradi³

et al. 2017

Intervirology

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Background: Insufficient therapy during HIV-1 replication can promote the emergence of drug-resistant strains, reduce the effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment (ART), and increase the likelihood of the onward transmission of drug-resistant viruses. We characterized, for the first time, the prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance mutations in a western region of Iran. Methods: This study was conducted among 122 patients on ART at a major referral center in Kermanshah, Iran. Nested PCR was performed using RT gene-specific primers from the pol gene. Sequencing was followed by amplification and purification of the desired sequence. Subtypes and mutations were determined using the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. Results: Most patients (92.6%) had subtype CRF 35-AD; 7.4% had subtype B. In total, 36.1% of the patients had at least 1 mutation associated with resistance RT inhibitors. The greatest rates of high-level resistance were observed for nevirapine (21.3%) and efavirenz (19.7%). Conclusions: Our results showed a high prevalence of drug resistance mutations in strains isolated from patients on treatment. At our center, we therefore recommend that genotyping be performed. This would allow the physician to prescribe appropriate drugs, reduce treatment costs, and increase the longevity and quality of life of patients.

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“…Drug resistance can occur in a patient who receiving ART regimen or transmitted to a naïve one, from the other individual who carried the drug resistance mutations [8]. The studies show drug resistances have been emerged in 10% of individuals who used ART after 2 years and treatment of 30% of individuals with at least one drug resistance mutation have been failed after 6 months [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Pattern Among HIV-Infected Patients with Treatment Failure in Iran

Gholami¹

2015

JHVRV

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Antiretroviral Therapy is classified in six classes and acquired great achievements in HIV inhibition, but this advantage can be affected by developing drug resistance. The combinations of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs have been proven as effectiveness key to control the progression of AIDS; however, these benefits may be compromised by drug resistancy. Thus, drug-resistance testing has become an important tool to the management of HIV-infected patients. Viral RNA was extracted from the plasma by using the QIAamp→ Viral RNA kit (Qiagen, Germany) according to the manufacturer's protocol. RT-PCR performed with the one-step PCR kit (Qiagen, Germany) and Nested PCR.

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Assessing subtype and drug-resistance-associated mutations among antiretroviral-treated HIV-infected patients

Abstract: Our study found a high prevalence of drug-resistant mutations in Iranian HIV-infected patients. Our data support the need for continued surveillance of resistance patterns to help guide therapeutic approaches and limit transmission of these variants.

Cited by 23 publications

References 28 publications

HIV Drug Resistance and Phylogeny Profile in Naïve and Antiretroviral-Experienced Patients in Tehran, Iran

HIV Drug Resistance and Phylogeny Profile in Naïve and Antiretroviral-Experienced Patients in Tehran, Iran

The First Characterization of HIV-1 Subtypes and Drug Resistance Mutations among Antiretrovirally Treated Patients in Kermanshah, Iran

Survey of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Pattern Among HIV-Infected Patients with Treatment Failure in Iran

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