Assessing storage insect pests and post-harvest loss of maize in major producing areas of Ethiopia

Fufa, Negasa; Zeleke, Tekalign; Melese, Dawit; Daba, Teshale

doi:10.17352/2455-815x.000106

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…To meet this demand and ensure future global food security, researchers should prioritize reducing postharvest food losses, which occur throughout the entire food supply chain from harvest to consumption, in addition to increasing production. The majority of postharvest losses are caused by insect infestation [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Preventing losses caused by insect pests in stored products is essential [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Metarhizium rileyi (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) against Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Vivekanandhan,

Alahmadi,

Ansari

2024

J Basic Microbiol

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Tenebrio molitor L., also known as the mealworm, is a polyphagous insect pest that infests various stored grains worldwide. Both the adult and larval stages can cause significant damage to stored grains. The present study focused on isolating entomopathogenic fungi from an infected larval cadaver under environmental conditions. Fungal pathogenicity was tested on T. molitor larvae and pupae for 12 days. Entomopathogenic fungi were identified using biotechnological methods based on their morphology and the sequence of their nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS). The results of the insecticidal activity indicate that the virulence of fungi varies between the larval and pupal stages. In comparison to the larval stage, the pupal stage is highly susceptible to Metarhizium rileyi, exhibiting 100% mortality rates after 12 days (lethal concentration 50 [LC50] = 7.8 × 106 and lethal concentration 90 (LC90) = 2.1 × 1013 conidia/mL), whereas larvae showed 92% mortality rates at 12 days posttreatment (LC50 = 1.0 × 106 and LC90 = 3.0 × 109 conidia/mL). The enzymatic analyses revealed a significant increase in the levels of the insect enzymes superoxide dismutase (4.76–10.5 mg−1) and glutathione S‐transferase (0.46–6.53 mg−1) 3 days after exposure to M. rileyi conidia (1.5 × 105 conidia/mL) compared to the control group. The findings clearly show that M. rileyi is an environmentally friendly and effective microbial agent for controlling the larvae and pupae of T. molitor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Metarhizium rileyi (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) against Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Vivekanandhan,

Alahmadi,

Ansari

2024

J Basic Microbiol

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“…However, the fading of the color of red pepper during processing and storage is a significant threat to the quality of red hot pepper products during storage due to several intricate factors [ [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] ]. Consequently, dishonest vendors are adulterating red pepper products with synthetic materials such as rhodamine, Sudan dyes, oils, and water-adjuvant and oil-soluble dyes [ 24 , 25 ]. Therefore, it is crucial to address issues such as inappropriate storage methods [ 26 ], inefficient post-harvest handling and pepper production methods [ 27 ], and a shortage of agricultural inputs, post-harvest technology and expertise [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of packaging materials and storage duration on the functional quality of red hot peppers (Capsicum annum L.) pods

Fikiru,

Dulo,

Forsido

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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“…Regardless of their inherent hazards, they are intensively used in the agricultural sector in Ethiopia. A study in four regions of Ethiopia (Amhara, South Nations, Nationalities, and People (SNNP), Oromia, and Tigray) showed that more than 80% of the farmers used fumigant insecticides to control S. zeamais [12]. Te use of synthetic chemicals to manage crop pests has many negative efects on biotic and abiotic components of the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Plant Leaf Tinctures against Maize Weevils (Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.) in Stored Maize (Zea mays L.) under Laboratory Conditions

Gatew,

Chalew

2023

International Journal of Agronomy

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Maize weevils (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) are commonly stored grain pests of economic importance in several parts of Africa. A huge amount of synthetic pesticides is being used for the management of crop pests, which have many negative effects on the biotic and abiotic components of the environment. Plant-derived pesticides, on the other hand, are safe for the environment, affect only target insects, have a low application cost, and are easily biodegradable. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of ethanol leaf tinctures of four selected botanicals against S. zeamais: Brucea antidysenterica (J.) (Waginos), Croton macrostachyus (Hochst.) (broad-leaved croton), Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) (Boston fern), and Carica papaya (L.) (papaya). The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four different concentrations (0 mL, 2.5 mL, 5 mL, and 7.5 mL) and four plant leaf tinctures in three replicates. A random sample of 300 g of clean maize seed was treated with the four selected botanicals in plastic jars covered with a muslin cloth. Twenty adult maize weevils were introduced into each disinfected, treated, and untreated maize grain. The mortality rate, grain damage, and F1 progeny emergences were assessed and analyzed using SPSS software version 25. The highest (100%) mortality rate of S. zeamais was recorded for maize seeds treated with the leaf tincture of B. antidysenterica, followed by maize seeds treated with the leaf tincture of C. papaya (97.5%) at an application rate of 7.5 mL/300 g. The mean weight loss of the seeds showed a significant variation between the treatments. The mean weight loss of the seeds in the control (8.96%) was higher than the total mean weight loss treated by all plant leaf tinctures (3.66%). The emergence of F1 progeny of S. zeamais on maize grains showed significant differences among the treatments. The highest emergence (100%) of F1 progenies was recorded for the control treatment followed by C. macrostachyus (16.65%) at a rate of 2.5 mL/300 g maize grain treatment. The study concluded that B. antidysenterica and C. papaya tinctures had the potential to control the infestation of maize grains by S. zeamais.

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Assessing storage insect pests and post-harvest loss of maize in major producing areas of Ethiopia

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Pathogenicity of Metarhizium rileyi (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) against Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Pathogenicity of Metarhizium rileyi (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) against Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Effect of packaging materials and storage duration on the functional quality of red hot peppers (Capsicum annum L.) pods

Evaluating Plant Leaf Tinctures against Maize Weevils (Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.) in Stored Maize (Zea mays L.) under Laboratory Conditions

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