Assessing species richness of macrofauna associated with macroalgae in Arctic kelp forests (Hornsund, Svalbard)

Włodarska‐Kowalczuk, Maria; Kukliński, Piotr; Ronowicz, Marta; Legeżyńska, Joanna; Gromisz, Sławomira

doi:10.1007/s00300-009-0590-9

Cited by 60 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…1073/pnas.1207509109/-/DCSupplemental. diversity was documented immediately after the macroalgae expanded (22), which is consistent with findings in previous studies from the area, where rocky bottom habitats with occurrences of macroalgae host higher diversity (20,23). The site in Smeerenburgfjord, with 36 benthic taxa (Table S1), was initially characterized by several sessile suspension feeders.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

Climate-driven regime shifts in Arctic marine benthos

Kortsch

Primicerio

Beuchel

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

218

183

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Climate warming can trigger abrupt ecosystem changes in the Arctic. Despite the considerable interest in characterizing and understanding the ecological impact of rapid climate warming in the Arctic, few long time series exist that allow addressing these research goals. During a 30-y period of gradually increasing seawater temperature and decreasing sea ice cover in Svalbard, we document rapid and extensive structural changes in the rocky-bottom communities of two Arctic fjords. The most striking component of the benthic reorganization was an abrupt fivefold increase in macroalgal cover in 1995 in Kongsfjord and an eightfold increase in 2000 in Smeerenburgfjord. Simultaneous changes in the abundance of benthic invertebrates suggest that the macroalgae played a key structuring role in these communities. The abrupt, substantial, and persistent nature of the changes observed is indicative of a climate-driven ecological regime shift. The ecological processes thought to drive the observed regime shifts are likely to promote the borealization of these Arctic marine communities in the coming years.climate change | community structure | ecological dynamics | ecological interactions | tipping point C limate warming has accelerated over the past 30 y, causing increases in global surface temperatures of about 0.2°C per decade (1). The greatest changes have been recorded in the Arctic, where the temperatures have risen at twice the global average rate and sea ice cover, at the end of the Arctic summer, has declined by 30% (2). These changes modify Arctic marine habitats with respect to light and temperature regimes, which, in turn, impact local biological communities (3, 4). The increasing length of the ice-free season (5), extending the period of primary production, and the increasing seawater temperature, have strong impacts on abundances and distributions of species mediated by changes in demographic and interaction parameters.

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supporting

confidence: 89%

Climate-driven regime shifts in Arctic marine benthos

Kortsch

Primicerio

Beuchel

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

218

183

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“…In the polar conditions, it is very difficult to collect such material from the deeper sublittoral by SCUBA diving. This is why previous similar analyses were restricted to very shallow (several meters) depths (Arnaud 1974;Dunton et al 1982;Wlodarska-Kowalczuk et al 2009). The present study involves sampling from depths that are out of the range of SCUBA diving in the Antarctic (up to 75 m depth).…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychaete fauna associated with holdfasts of the large brown alga Himantothallus grandifolius in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctic

Pabis

Siciński

2010

Polar Biol

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The polychaete community associated with holdfasts of the brown alga Himantothallus grandifolius in Admiralty Bay has been studied. It is the first study of its kind in this area and only the second in the Antarctic. Samples were collected in the summer season of 1979/ 1980 from a depth range of 10-75 m. Seventy-eight species were found on 19 holdfasts. The community was dominated by Brania rhopalophora and Neanthes kerguelensis. Analysis of similarity showed that polychaete fauna associated with this habitat did not show any partitioning related to depth. Regression analysis showed that densities of both species and individuals decreased with increased holdfast volume. A positive correlation was found between the number of individuals and holdfast volume. Polychaetes from 10 feeding guilds were found with dominance of macrophagous motile herbivores and sessile filter feeders. The complex habitat provided by holdfasts is a shelter for a rich polychaete fauna and may function as important protection from disturbance in the shallow areas of Admiralty Bay.

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“…Seaweeds are important not only as primary producers that supply a great amount of fixed carbon to fjords but also because they provide a substrate for benthic organisms (Lippert et al 2001;Włodarska-Kowalczuk et al 2009). Grazers living on macroalgae are rare in Spitsbergen, and the only confirmed species is the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis.…”

Section: Primary Producersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary producers and production in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden – comparison of two fjord systems

Smoła¹,

Tatarek²,

Wiktor³

et al. 2017

Polish Polar Research

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Hornsund and Kongsfjorden are two similar-sized Arctic fjords on the West coast of Spitsbergen. They are influenced by cold coastal Arctic water (Hornsund) and warmer Atlantic water (Kongsfjorden). Environmental conditions affect the timing, quantity, spatial distribution (horizontal and vertical) of spring and summer blooms of protists as well as the taxonomic composition of those assemblages. Here, we compile published data and unpublished own measurement from the past two decades to compare the environmental factors and primary production in two fjord systems. Kongsfjorden is characterized by a deeper euphotic zone, higher biomass and greater proportion of autotrophic species. Hornsund seems to obtain more nutrients due to the extensive seabird colonies and exhibits higher turbidity compared to Kongsfjorden. The annual primary production in the analysed fjords ranges from 48 g C m -2 y -1 in Kongsfjorden to 216 g C m -2 y -1 in Hornsund, with a dominant component of microplankton (90%) followed by macrophytes and microphytobenthos.

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Assessing species richness of macrofauna associated with macroalgae in Arctic kelp forests (Hornsund, Svalbard)

Cited by 60 publications

References 35 publications

Climate-driven regime shifts in Arctic marine benthos

Climate-driven regime shifts in Arctic marine benthos

Polychaete fauna associated with holdfasts of the large brown alga Himantothallus grandifolius in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctic

Primary producers and production in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden – comparison of two fjord systems

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