Assessing Soybean Genotypes for Resistance to Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abstract

Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest capable of colonizing several species of cultivated plants, including soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. The primary management strategy for this insect is chemical control and adoption of Bt plants. However, alternative environmentally friendly strategies should be investigated and adopted as available for sustainable management of this insect pest. One potential underutilized method for insect control is plant resistance. The objective of this study was to categorize resistance (antixenosis and antibiosis) of 22 soybean genotypes on H. armigera in a laboratory setting. A preliminary experiment was conducted using soybean leaves and pods to determine the most promising genotypes for resistance. For each selected genotype, we collected biological parameters, leaf intake, and performed confinement tests. The genotypes PI 227687, PI 274453, PI 274454, PI 229358, PI 171451, ‘IAC 17’, and ‘IAC 19’ expressed resistance against H. armigera. Each genotype lowered larval survivorship. The genotypes PI 229358, PI 227687, PI 274453, and PI 274454 expressed resistance by prolonging larval development and reducing fifth-instar larvae weight. ‘IAC 19’ reduced leaf consumption and lowered the weight of fifth-instar larvae. Antixenosis was found in genotypes PI 227687, PI 274454, and ‘IAC 19’. These genotypes might be used in breeding programs focusing on soybean resistance to lepidopterans.

MELHORAMENTO DE SOJA VISANDO RESISTÊNCIA À helicoverpa armigera: UMA REVISÃO E PERSPECTIVAS FUTURAS/ Soybean breeding aiming at resistance to Helicoverpa armigera: a review and future prospects

“…A ocorrência de lagartas do gênero Helicoverpa, na região do Cerrado, foi observada no Brasil, a partir da safra 2012/2013, em níveis populacionais nunca antes registrados, causando sérios prejuízos econômicos, principalmente nas culturas de algodão, soja e milho (TAY et al, 2013;JONES et al, 2019;COELHO et al, 2020). Além dessas culturas, foram identificados surtos da praga em tomate, feijão comum, caupi, milheto e sorgo.…”

Preferência alimentar de Helicoverpa armigera a diferentes cultivares de soja com tecnologia Bt

“…Assim, as diferenças observadas de preferência ou repelência para alimentação entre os tratamentos, mesmo entre as cultivares Bt, podem estar relacionadas a outros fatores, como características físicas. Coelho et al (2020) [20], por exemplo, avaliaram a expressão da resistência de plantas de soja sem tecnologia Bt a H. armigera e obtiveram genótipos que reduziram o consumo foliar e reduziram o peso de lagartas de quinto instar, demonstrando que ocorreu não preferência ou antixenose pelos genótipos testados. Zhao et al (2016) [21] verificaram que populações de H. armigera evitaram ovipositar e se alimentar de plantas de algodoeiro Bt, verificando que ocorreu preferência por plantas não Bt, o que segundo Kumar e Saini (2008) [22] pode ocorrer em função de plantas com elevada presença de compostos como fenóis, taninos, gossipol e potássio serem negativamente relacionadas com a ocorrência de infestações de H. armigera, enquanto a presença de açúcares, proteínas e nitrogênio correlacionem positivamente à ocorrência de infestações da praga em cultivares de algodoeiro.…”

Intestinal proteases profiling from Anticarsia gemmatalis and their binding to inhibitors

“…However, its overuse and indiscriminate use have brought several environmental problems, contaminating groundwater, and compromising the food chain with consequences for human health (Campos et al, 2019; Pardo‐López et al, 2013; Sousa et al, 2020). Besides the toxicity of these pesticides to nontarget individuals, resistant pest insects have been selected, calling attention to the urgent search for control alternatives (Coelho et al, 2020; Tavares et al, 2010). The Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs emerged in this context to reduce the use of synthetic agrochemicals and the environmental damage caused by them (Panizzi, 2013).…”