Assessing response styles to positive affect: One or two dimensions of positive rumination in the Responses to Positive Affect questionnaire?

Dampening, Positive Rumination, and Positive Life Events: Associations with Depressive Symptoms in Children at Risk for Depression

“…The RPA is a 17-item self-reported measure that asks participants to rate how much they engage in different responses when they are feeling happy, excited, or enthused on a 1 ( almost never ) to 4 ( almost always ) scale. In children and adults, a two-factor model demonstrates the best fit to the data (Bijttebier et al, 2012; Nelis et al, 2016), reflecting subscales of dampening one’s positive emotion (e.g., think about things that could go wrong ) and positive rumination (e.g., think about how happy you feel ), the latter includes previously used emotion-focused and self-focused positive rumination. Good internal consistency was obtained for both dampening (α = 0.72) and positive rumination (α = 0.84) in the current sample.…”

Nuevos abordajes para el tratamiento de la fibromialgia: una intervención positiva para la promoción del optimismo mediante la utilización de TICs

“…Although some studies have suggested that they should be considered as one dimension of positive rumination (Nelis et al, 2016), our results indicate that there is value in considering different aspects of positive rumination. In addition to the 228 assessment of an expanded range of constructs, the present study also differs from most of previous studies which have considered the relation between both scales in adolescent and student samples (Engh & Olofsson, 2011, Nelis et al, 2016. Moreover, studies that included patients with bipolar I and major depressive disorder found that dampening and emotion strategies, but not self-focus strategies, were capable of distinguished between clinical and nonclinical groups (Shapero et al, 2015).…”

“…Specifically, we sought to replicate previous reported findings assessing the association of the RPA scales with measures of depression (Nelis et al, 2016), positive and negative affect (Raes et al, 2010), and quality of life as a form of psychological well-being (Quoidbach et al, 2010). We also sought to extend Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS, Beck et al, 1974;Spanish version by Aguilar et al, 1995) is a 20 item self-report inventory which reflects negative expectancies in the respondent.…”

“…whereas differences in self-focused and emotion-focused positive rumination were related to hypomania symptoms 203 Nelis et al, 2016). In addition, scales of the RPA have been shown to prospectively predict depression symptoms in non-clinical samples of adults (Raes, Smets, Nelis, & Schoofs, 2012) and symptoms of depression and hypomania in children (Bijttebier, Raes, Vasey, & Feldman, 2012).…”

“…There has been some 202 controversies regarding the distinct nature of emotion-focused and selffocused strategies. Some studies have suggested that because of the high correlation of these two factors, they should be considered as one dimension of positive rumination for the sake of conceptual and analytical parsimony (Bijttebier, Raes, Vasey, & Feldman, 2012;Nelis, Luyckx, Feldman, Bastin, Raes, & Bijttebier, 2016). However, most of the validations that have been developed so far, have replicated the 3-factor structure of the scale.…”