Assessing Radiation Emergency Preparedness Planning by Using Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) Methodology

Nyaku, Mawuli; Wolkin, Amy; McFadden, Jevon; Collins, Jim; Murti, Michelle; Schnall, Amy H.; Bies, Shane; Stanbury, Martha; Beggs, Jennifer; Bayleyegn, Tesfaye

doi:10.1017/s1049023x14000491

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A fourth study noted reduced adherence to sheltering in ethnic minority groups following a deliberate attack due to a desire to gather the family together before attempting to evacuate. 52 Studies using quantitative methods found 8% within 50 miles of an NPP 53 , 23% within 20km 54 and 33% in the US capital region 45 were unlikely to comply with sheltering instructions in a nuclear emergency; 11% 55 to 15 . 5% 37 in an RDD incident.…”

Section: Adherence To Sheltering Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5% 37 in an RDD incident. Six studies, [36][37][38][53][54][55] three of high quality, found prioritising collection or checking on children or other family members was a primary reason for nonadherence in both nuclear accident and deliberate attack scenarios. Anticipated adherence would increase if people were able to communicate with, or know that loved ones were safe 55 or if they believed that food and water would be delivered 37,38 in scenarios involving a deliberate attack.…”

Section: Adherence To Sheltering Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further reasons for non-adherence with sheltering advice in both scenario types were low confidence or trust in community or government preparedness planning, feeling safer elsewhere, and to get supplies. 45,53,55 Two studies of RDD detonation response 37,55 found adherence with sheltering recommendations was predicted by community attachment, being over 65 and trusting the information source. Adherence with sheltering-at-work was 39% 37 and was higher in those aware of their building's sheltering arrangements or those confident in their community's ability to manage an RDD attack.…”

Section: Adherence To Sheltering Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to inform the public about protective actions in a nuclear or radiological incident: a systematic review

Gauntlett

Amlôt

Rubin

2019

The Lancet Psychiatry

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Background/objective How the public behave following a nuclear emergency will help to determine overall levels of morbidity and mortality. Pre-event education might help to shape behaviour, but how best to engage people with emergency communications for low likelihood, high impact events is unknown. We conducted a systematic review to identify factors which predict behaviour in preparation for a nuclear incident; factors which predict behaviour in the immediate aftermath of a nuclear incident; and preferences among members of the public for information designed to educate them about actions to take in the event of a nuclear incident. Method We searched multiple databases for relevant papers. Papers were included if: they included a sample of the general public, related to an actual or hypothetical radiation incident, explored factors associated with pre-or post-incident behaviour or preferences for information receipt; used self-report or objective outcome data; and were published in English. Results We included sixteen studies which reported factors associated with preparatory behaviour, 23 for factors associated with post-incident behaviour and 26 studies which examined information preferences. In general preparedness, behaviour was predicted by factors including perceived coping efficacy and having children amongst others, but a lack of preparedness was attributed to fatalistic attitudes. Importantly, for pre-incident communications to be accepted and recommendations adhered to, the source must be trusted and perceived to be credible, though it is notable that family needs, such as collecting children from school, are a stronger predictor of behaviour in a nuclear emergency than communicated directives from authorities. Conclusions If pre-incident education about nuclear incidents is to be used, a number of factors, including the source and method of communication, as well as the content and format of messaging, may increase public engagement with messages and promote the uptake of protective behaviours in a radiation event.

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Section: Adherence To Sheltering Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adherence To Sheltering Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adherence To Sheltering Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to inform the public about protective actions in a nuclear or radiological incident: a systematic review

Gauntlett

Amlôt

Rubin

2019

The Lancet Psychiatry

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“…Known as a Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER), an RNA is undertaken most commonly by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the US (CDC, 1992(CDC, , 1996(CDC, , 2004(CDC, , 2006a(CDC, , 2006bNoji et al, 1997) and by governments and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) internationally. Although traditionally used in the immediate disaster period, CASPER has been utilised successfully in versatile settings, including for the emergency preparedness of communities near a nuclear power plant, to enhance communication in a post-flood zone, and to evaluate mental health challenges one year after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill crisis of 2010 (Murphy et al, 2010;Buttkea et al, 2011;Horney et al, 2011;Ricchetti-Masterson and Horney, 2013;Nyaku et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A modified Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) four months after Hurricane Sandy

2018

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This study sought to assess access to utilities, basic needs, financial burden, and perceived safety among households in the Rockaway Peninsula of New York City, United States, four months after Hurricane Sandy struck in 2012. A modified cluster survey design was used to select households for inclusion in the study. Survey content was created using the Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) toolkit, gathering relevant data on access to food and water, basic utilities, financial burden, household demographics, and safety. Four months after Sandy, electricity and heat had been restored to all households. However, around onethird of them still had difficulty in obtaining food, and about one-half believed that their neighborhood was unsafe. One-quarter had problems in acquiring prescription medications, and approximately one-half reported anxiety. While basic utilities were almost entirely restored, there were ongoing challenges in Rockaway four months after Sandy, relating to financial hardship, food insecurity, healthcare, and psychologic distress.

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“…The United States' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed a rapid needs assessment tool named the Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) (910111213). This tool has been used 53 times from 2003 to 2012 to assess needs following disasters (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Health Needs Assessment after Typhoons Bolaven and Tembin Using the Public Health Assessment for Emergency Response Toolkit in Paju and Jeju, Korea 2012

et al. 2017

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Following natural disasters, rapid health needs assessments are required to quickly assess health status and help decision making during the recovery phase. The Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) developed the Public Health Assessment for Emergency Response (PHASER) Toolkit which was optimized for a weather disaster in Korea. The goal of this study is to assess public health needs following the 2012 typhoons Bolaven and Tembin in both urban and rural areas in Korea. We conducted pilot trials using the PHASER toolkit to assess health needs following typhoons Bolaven and Tembin in Paju and Jeju during summer 2012. We sampled 400 households in Jeju and 200 households in Paju using a multistage cluster sampling design method. We used a standardized household tracking sheet and household survey sheet to collect data on the availability of resource for daily life, required health needs, clinical results and accessibility of medical services. The primary outcomes were clinical results and accessibility of medical service after the typhoons. We completed surveys for 190 households in Paju and 386 households in Jeju. Sleeping disorders were identified in 6.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8%–10.8%) surveyed in Paju and 17.4% (95% CI, 12.8%–22.0%) in Jeju. We used the PHASER toolkit to assess healthcare needs rapidly after 2 typhoons in Korea. Sleeping disorders were frequently identified in both Paju and Jeju following the 2 typhoons.

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Assessing Radiation Emergency Preparedness Planning by Using Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) Methodology

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

How to inform the public about protective actions in a nuclear or radiological incident: a systematic review

How to inform the public about protective actions in a nuclear or radiological incident: a systematic review

A modified Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) four months after Hurricane Sandy

Rapid Health Needs Assessment after Typhoons Bolaven and Tembin Using the Public Health Assessment for Emergency Response Toolkit in Paju and Jeju, Korea 2012

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