Assessing performance in pre-season wrestling athletes using biomarkers

Abstract

IntroductionAlthough regular training introduces the desired changes in athletes’ metabolism towards optimal final performance, literature is rarely focusing on the metabolic responses off-competition. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate biochemical indices during typical preseason training in wrestling athletes.Materials and methodsTwenty male freestyle and Greco-roman wrestlers (14 to 31 years) followed a typical session of the preparatory phase. Capillary blood glucose and lactate concentrations were assessed immediately before and after training. Protein, microalbumin, creatinine and their ratio were estimated the next day in the first morning urine.ResultsPre-training lactate concentrations were lower in Greco-roman than in freestyle wrestlers (1.8 (1.4 – 2.1) vs. 2.9 (2.1 – 3.1) mmol/L). Exertion resulted in a significant increase in lactate concentrations, by 3.2 (2.6 – 4.1) mmol/L in Greco-roman wrestlers and 4.5 (3.4 – 5.3) mmol/L in freestylers. These changes were found to correlate with athlete’s sport experience (rs = 0.71, P < 0.001). Glucose concentrations were also significantly increased by 0.5 (0.1 – 0.8) mmol/L, in correlation with lactate change (rs = 0.49, P = 0.003). Twelve subjects exhibited urine albumin concentrations at 30 mg/L, and thirteen creatinine concentrations around 17.7 mmol/L. The corresponding ratio was found abnormal in 4 cases, especially when creatinine excretion and body fat were low.ConclusionsWrestling training is associated with mobilization of both lactic and alactic anaerobic energy systems. The regular comprehensive monitoring of biochemical markers would be advantageous in determining the efficiency of the preparatory phase and the long-term physiological adaptations towards the competition phase, or athlete’s overtraining.

Effect of compression modalities for recovery on wrestlers' biomarkers in one day tournament

“…Our findings matched the study of N. Gill, C. Beaven and C. Cook (2005) and I. Papassotiriou and A. Nifli (2018) who emphasized higher excretion of serum creatinine in 70% of the athletes according to athlete's body mass, especially in wrestlers, while athletes with lower creatinine concentrations presumed albumin abnormality. M.S.…”

“…Fallon, G. Sivyer, K. Sivyer and A. Dare (1999), T. Hortobagyi and T. Denhan (1989) and I. Papassotiriou and A. Nifli (2018) that resting creatinine levels are higher in athletes, especially wrestlers.…”

Hematological parameters in champion of Brazilian jiu‐jitsu paradesport: Case study

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Kinetics of Muscle Damage Biomarkers at Moments Subsequent to a Fight in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Practice by Disabled Athletes

“…When considered, clinical and functional parameters are able to diagnose the general recovery condition of the subject. In this sense, previous studies (Cesnaitiene et al, 2015; Machado et al, 2018; Papassotiriou and Nifli, 2018) have shown that these variables also have a positive correlation with athletic performance and adequate monitoring allows the use of strategies that improve recovery and sports performance and minimize exposure to the occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries.…”