Abstract. Phosphorus is the important nutrient which stimulates the growth of aquatic organisms in water bodies, but in excessive quantities phosphorus has a fertilizing effect that affects both the ecosystem and water quality as whole. A completed scheme for determination of phosphorus forms in water, particulate materials and bottom sediments was applied. The results obtained during of 2009-2012 years were analyzed and systematized, identifying the seasonal and spatial dynamics of phosphorus forms in water, particulate materials and bottom sediments of the Prut River.Keywords: bottom sediments, particulate materials, phosphorus forms, the Prut River.
IntroductionPhosphorus is an essential nutrient for living organisms. In order to assess the anthropogenic impact on the chemical composition of surface water, the hydro-chemical indicators have been estimated, including either the content of phosphorus-orthophosphates [1,2] or total phosphorus content [3], or the content of both forms [4,5]. Also, the variation of the content of some parameters that characterize the level of eutrophication, the content of nitrogen compounds, chlorophyll and total phosphorus were researched [6][7][8][9]. A few studies are focused on research of various phosphorus forms in water and particulate materials [10][11][12].Phosphorus concentrations in rivers result from both external inputs and internal loading from the bottom sediments. Its chemistry in sediments is greatly infl uenced by the oxidation-reduction status (redox potential). Under oxidized conditions, ferric and manganese oxides and hydroxides are important adsorption sites for phosphorus; however, under reducing conditions these minerals are unstable. Mobilization-immobilization processes on the particle surface of sediments occur through interstitial water and its participation. During the desorption process from sediments, phosphorus compounds are accumulated in interstitial water, then according to environmental factors (pH, oxidationreduction potential Eh, ionic strength, or water mineralization etc.) can be immobilized in the water horizon overlying the bottom sediments.Phosphorus is a component of various constituents of aquatic ecosystem. But a few studies are focused on the extensive research of phosphorus compounds. Thus, it is often studied the seasonal dynamics of phosphorus compounds in the water-particulate materials system [10][11][12], in the particulate materials-sediments system [13], in the bottom sediments [14][15][16][17], in the interstitial water [18][19][20], in the water-sediments system [21][22][23].The objectives of this work were (i) to evaluate peculiarities of spatial and seasonal dynamics of phosphorus forms for the entirely system water -particulate materials -bottom sediments along the Prut River, (ii) to systematize the results obtained during of 2009-2012 years and (iii) to estimate the level of trophicity and quality of the Prut River.